| 赵宝平,韩文元,孙雯,武俊英,刘景辉.不同水分与腐植酸处理对裸燕麦生理特性和产量形成的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(5):71~78 |
| 不同水分与腐植酸处理对裸燕麦生理特性和产量形成的影响 |
| Effect of water stress and foliar\|applied humic acid on physiological properties and yield formation of naked oats |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.05.11 |
| 中文关键词: 裸燕麦 水分胁迫 腐植酸 生理特性 产量形成 |
| 英文关键词:naked oat water stress humic acid drought resistance yield formation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31560373)；现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-07)；内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2016MS0312) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在防雨棚盆栽条件下, 以‘内燕5号’裸燕麦为材料, 在水分胁迫（45%田间持水量（FWC））和正常供水（75%FWC）处理下, 于拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆期叶面喷施腐植酸（HA）和清水（WT）, 测定裸燕麦植株形态、叶片抗逆生理指标、产量及其构成因素等，明确不同生育时期喷施腐植酸对裸燕麦抗旱性影响及其产量形成差异。结果表明,与喷施WT处理相比, 45%FWC处理下喷施HA叶片叶绿素相对含量（SPAD）在拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆期分别提高16.7%、7.0%和15.1%, 过氧化物酶活性分别提高14.1%、16.7%和6.3%,丙二醛含量分别下降20.3%、11.2%和7.8%（P<0.05）；喷施HA叶片脯氨酸含量均上升, 且45%FWC显著高于75%FWC处理, 在抽穗期达到最大。45%FWC处理下, 拔节期喷施HA植株小穗数显著增加, 抽穗期喷施HA穗粒数和千粒重显著增加, 且单株籽粒重增加幅度均超过10%（P<0.05）; 75%FWC处理下, 喷施HA后植株单穗粒数显著增加, 且单株籽粒重在抽穗期增幅最大。试验表明在拔节和抽穗期水分胁迫下喷施HA可显著改善叶片光合能力、提高抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节能力, 进而促进籽粒生长发育并提高产量。建议水分胁迫条件下在拔节期和抽穗期喷施HA, 正常水分条件下在抽穗期喷施HA。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Under the condition of rain\|proof shelter and using naked oats ‘Neiyan 5’as material, we conducted a pot cultivated experiment to test the effects of different water treatments (45% and 75% of field water capacity, FWC), and foliar\|applied humic acid (HA) and water (WT) at jointing, heading and grain\|filling stages on plant leaf morphological, physiological indices and grain yield components. The research was to clarify which growth stageis suitable for applying HA based on drought resistance and yield improvement, and to provide a theory on oats high\|yielding and drought\|resistant cultivation. The results showed that under 45% of FWC and foliar\|applied HA, the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) in leaves was 16.7%, 7.0%, and 15.1% higher than that of WT treatment at jointing, heading and grain\|filling stage, respectively; the POD activity was 14.1%, 16.7%, and 6.3% higher than that of WT treatment, and the MDA content was 20.3%, 11.2%, and 7.8% lower than that of WT treatment, respectively (P<0.05). Under 45% and 75% of FWC, the proline content (Pro) both increased when spraying HA;the value under 45% of FWC was significantly higher than that of 75% of FWC, and reached the maximum at heading stage. Under 45% of FWC, the number of spikelet per panicle was increased significantly when spraying HA at jointing stage, while the grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight significantly increased when spraying HA at heading stage, and the grain weight increased by more than 10% (P<0.05). Under 75% of FWC, the grain number per panicle increased significantly, and the grain weight increased most at heading stage. In summary, under water stress, spraying HA at the jointing and heading stages could significantly improve photosynthetic capacity, enhance antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic regulation ability, thus promoting grain development and improving yield. In practice, it is recommended that spraying HA at the jointing and heading stages under drought conditions, and at the heading stage under sufficient water conditions. |
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