| 李发康,谢玉琴,薛应钰,李龙,李小伟.苹果树根域土壤理化性质对园艺地布覆盖的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(5):123~129 |
| 苹果树根域土壤理化性质对园艺地布覆盖的响应 |
| Response of physical and chemical properties of soil in apple root\|zone to black ground fabric mulching |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.05.18 |
| 中文关键词: 园艺地布覆盖 苹果树 根域土壤 理化性质 时空变化 |
| 英文关键词:black ground fabric mulching apple tree root\|zone soil physic\|chemical properties temporal and spatial variation |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0201100）；甘肃省农牧厅农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目（GNSW-2012-27） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究园艺地布覆盖对苹果树根域土壤理化性质的影响，本研究设置了园艺地布覆盖和清耕2个处理，于2018年2—12月对苹果树休眠期、盛花期、幼果期、果实膨大期及果实成熟期0~60 cm土层的土壤理化性质进行测定。结果表明：园艺地布覆盖果园相比清耕，土壤含水量提升了0.16%～7.10%；土壤pH在休眠期40~60 cm土层增大了0.12，在其余生育时期及土层内降低了0.06 ~0.43；有机质含量在休眠期至幼果期0~20 cm土层、休眠期和盛花期40~60 cm土层、果实膨大期0~60 cm及果实成熟期40~60 cm土层增加了0.05~4.05 g·kg-1；碱解氮含量增加了2.10~46.05 mg·kg-1；速效磷含量在休眠期40~60 cm土层和盛花期20~40 cm土层分别降低了0.87 mg·kg-1和0.43 mg·kg-1，在其余生育时期及土层增加了5.57~57.58 mg·kg-1；速效钾含量增加了43.78~182.19 mg·kg-1。园艺地布覆盖处理对土壤含水量、pH、有机质含量、碱解氮含量、速效磷含量和速效钾含量各因子的作用强度在生育时期间和土层间有较大差异，在幼果期至果实膨大期对土壤含水量的提升超过4.60%，在休眠期和盛花期对土壤含水量的提升作用低于3.00%；对土壤速效钾含量的提升作用在生育时期间以果实成熟期最明显，增加量均大于107.00 mg·kg-1，在土层间以20~40 cm土层最明显，增加量均大于97.00 mg·kg-1；对其余各因子的作用强度无明显规律。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effects of black ground fabric mulching on the soil physical and chemical properties in apple root\|zone, this study set up two treatments of black ground fabric mulching and clean tillage, and determined the physical and chemical properties of soil layer of 0~60 cm during the dormancy, full\|bloom, young fruit, fruit expansion, and fruit maturity stages of apple trees from February to December 2018. The results showed that，compared with clean tillage, the black ground fabric mulching increased soil water contents by 0.16%~7.10%, decreased soil pH by 0.06~0.43 except that increased 0.12 in the 40~60 cm soil layer during the dormancy stage. The organic matter content in 0~20 cm soil layer from dormancy stage to young fruit stage, 40~60 cm soil layer in dormancy stage and full\|bloom stage, 0~60 cm soil layer in fruit expansion stage and 40~60 cm soil layer in fruit maturity stage increased by 0.05~4.05 g·kg-1. Available N content increased by 2.10~46.05 mg·kg-1. Available P increased by 5.57~57.58 mg·kg-1 except that the soil layer of 40~60 cm in dormancy stage and 20~40 cm in full\|bloom stage decreased by 0.87 mg·kg-1 and 0.43 mg·kg-1, respectively. The content of available K increased by 43.78~182.19 mg·kg-1. The effects intensity of black ground fabric mulching treatment on various factors including the soil water content, pH，the content of organic matter, available N, available P, and available K were quite different during the growth period and among soil layers, the effect on increasing soil water content from young fruit stage to fruit expansion stage (more than 4.60%) was better than that in dormancy stage and full\|bloom stage (less than 3.00%). The increase effect on the content of soil available K was most obvious during fruit maturity stage, the increment was more than 107.00 mg·kg-1, and between 20~40 cm soil layers was the most obvious, the increment was more than 97.00 mg·kg-1. There was no obvious rule in the intensity of other factors. |
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