| 魏廷邦,魏玉杰,魏域斌,苏毓杰,常瑛,邴晶,陈志国,陈芳,龚永福,毋玲玲,张兆萍,臧广鹏,张英英.水氮耦合对蒙古黄芪干物质积累及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(2):130~136 |
| 水氮耦合对蒙古黄芪干物质积累及产量的影响 |
| Effects of nitrogen and irrigation coupling on dry matter accumulation and yield of Astragalus membranaceus var. Mongholicus |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.02.17 |
| 中文关键词: 水氮耦合 蒙古黄芪 干物质积累特征 产量 甲苷含量 |
| 英文关键词:nitrogen and irrigation coupling Astragalus membranaceus var. Mongholicus dry matter accumulation characteristic yield the content of astragaloside |
| 基金项目:国家中药材产业技术体系河西综合试验站专项资金项目(CARS-21-25)；甘肃省青年科学基金项目（20JR5RA069）；甘肃省农业工程技术研究院创新青年基金项目（甘农工院政（2020）19号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以一年生蒙古黄芪为供试材料，采用裂区设计，以灌水量(W1，3 200 m3·hm-2、W2，3 600 m3·hm-2、W3，4 000 m3·hm-2)做主区，施氮量(N0：0 kg·hm-2，N1：50 kg·hm-2，N2：100 kg·hm-2，N3：150 kg·hm-2)为副区，测定黄芪的干物质积累特征、产量及甲苷含量。结果表明：灌水量和施氮量的互作效应对黄芪生育期干物质最大增长速率及其出现的天数、产量和黄芪甲苷含量具有显著影响（p＜0.05）。在相同灌水条件下，W1N2处理的干物质最大增长速率较W1N0、W1N1和W1N3处理分别提高16.08%、9.96%和7.75%，W1N2处理的干物质最大增长速率出现天数较W1N0、W1N1和W1N3处理分别缩短6.07、8.14 d和8.15 d。W1N2处理的产量较W1N0 (对照)、W1N1和W1N3分别提高186.32%、11.99%和33.11%，W1N2处理的黄芪甲苷含量较W1N0、W1N1和W1N3处理分别提高167.03%、50.93%和24.94%。在相同施氮条件下，W1N2处理的干物质最大增长速率较W2N2和W3N2处理分别提高8.41%和12.65%，W1N2处理的干物质最大增长速率出现天数较W2N2和W3N2处理分别缩短5.36 d和6.90 d，W1N2处理的黄芪甲苷含量较W2N2和W3N2处理分别提高17.11%和74.82%。说明生育期减量20%灌水(3 200 m3·hm-2)与中施氮量耦合(100 kg·hm-2)的最优栽培模式能够显著提高黄芪的干物质积累量、积累速率和产量，有效改善黄芪的品质，在绿洲灌区黄芪生产实践中具有推广价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Dry matter accumulation characteristics, yield, and effective component content of Astragalus membranaceus were determined under a one-year field experiment in 2018. In this research, the cultivar “annual astragalus membranaceus” was used as research material. The experimental design was a split plot including three irrigation application rates treatments namely (W1) 3 200 m3·hm-2, (W2) 3 600 m3·hm-2, and (W3) 4 000 m3·hm-2 as the main plot, respectively, four nitrogen (N) application rates namely (N0) 0 kg·hm-2, (N1) 50 kg·hm-2, (N2) 100 kg·hm-2, and (N3) 150 kg·hm-2， respectively, as the split plot. The results showed that, the interaction effect of irrigation and N fertilizer application rates had significant influence on the maximum dry matter accumulation rate and emergence days of maximum dry matter accumulation rate and yield and content of astragaloside of astragalus membranaceus duration (p<0.05). Under the reduced 20% irrigation in growth stages (W1) of astragalus membranaceus, compared with CK (N0), low N application (N1), and high N application treatments (N3), the maximum dry matter accumulation rate with medium N application treatments (N2) increased by 16.08%, 9.96%, and 7.75%, respectively; the emergence days of maximum dry matter accumulation rate with medium N application treatments (N2) shortened by 6.07, 8.14, and 8.15 days, the yield and content of astragaloside with medium N application treatments (N2), increased by 186.32%, 11.99%, and 33.11% and 167.03%, 50.93%, and 24.94%, respectively. Under the medium N application treatments (N2) of astragalus membranaceus, compared with the reduced 10% irrigation (W2) and conventional irrigation (W3) in growth stages, the maximum dry matter accumulation rate with the reduced 20% irrigation treatments (W1) increased by 8.41% and 12.65%, respectively. The emergence days of maximum dry matter accumulation rate with the reduced 20% irrigation treatments (W1) shortened by 5.36 and 6.90 days, the content of astragaloside with the reduced 20% irrigation treatments (W1) increased by 17.11% and 74.82%. The treatments with application coupling of irrigation and N (i.e. reduced 20% irrigation of growth period (W1) 3200 m3·hm-2 and N application with 100 kg·hm-2 at growth stage of Astragalus membranaceus) could be considered as the best feasible cultivation pattern management for further exploring the condition of enhancing dry matter accumulation and dry matter accumulation rate and yield and effectively improve quality of Astragalus membranaceus. |
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