| 李波,刘畅,李红,杨曌.60Co-γ辐射苜蓿种子的变异植株叶片愈伤组织诱导及其诱变效应分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(2):164~171 |
| 60Co-γ辐射苜蓿种子的变异植株叶片愈伤组织诱导及其诱变效应分析 |
| Callus induction and mutagenic effect analysis of leaves of mutant plants of alfalfa seeds under 60Co-γ radiation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.02.21 |
| 中文关键词: 苜蓿种子 60Co-γ辐射 变异植株 愈伤组织诱导 生理生化 隶属函数 |
| 英文关键词:alfalfa seed 60Co-radiation mutant plant leaf callus induction physiological and biochemical indexes membership function |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目（135209267；YSTSXK201886）；齐齐哈尔大学研究生创新科研项目（YJSCX2019-022X）；国家牧草产业技术体系齐齐哈尔综合试验站项目（CARS-34）；齐齐哈尔市科技计划项目（NYGG-201916） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以‘龙牧806’苜蓿种子为材料，采用600、800 Gy和900 Gy辐射剂量对其种子进行60Co-γ辐射处理，辐射的M1和M2苜蓿种子后代进行变异植株筛选，对筛选的变异植株叶片进行愈伤组织诱导和9项生理生化指标测定，利用主成分和隶属函数法对各愈伤组织的生理生化变化进行综合分析。结果表明：依据植株叶型、株高及叶面积变化筛选出辐射变异植株6种，包括矮化植株（A）、偏高植株4种（G1、G2、G3和G4）、叶型畸变植株（J）。J株、A株和G4株叶片愈伤组织诱导率分别为79.35%、91.89% 和98.00%，对照和G1、G2、G3植株叶片愈伤组织诱导率均为100%，各叶片愈伤组织褐化率为0.00%～5.41%。G3植株愈伤组织的脯氨酸（Pro）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性最高，分别为58.72 μg·g-1和123.45 μmol·min-1·g-1，丙二醛（MDA）含量和相对电导率（RC）最低，分别为0.44 μmol·L-1和44.44%，可溶性蛋白（SP）和可溶性糖（SS）含量在J植株愈伤组织中最高，分别为6.92 mg·g-1和1.48%，过氧化物酶（POD）活性在G2愈伤组织中最高，为98.40 μmol·min-1·g-1，而过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性在A愈伤组织中最高，为911.67 μmol·min-1·g-1。主成分分析显示苜蓿愈伤组织生理生化特性受辐射影响的主要指标为SS，Pro，CAT，MAD，RC和SOD，各愈伤组织6项指标隶属值的排序为G3＞CK＞J＞A＞G1＞G2＞G4。本研究所筛选的辐射变异植株G3叶片的愈伤组织可为苜蓿抗逆性突变体的进一步筛选提供基础材料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Longmu 806 alfalfa seeds were used as experimental materials. The seeds were treated with 60Co-γ radiation at doses of 600, 800 Gy and 900 Gy. Mutant plants were screened from M1 and M2 alfalfa seed progenies by radiation. The leaves of the selected mutant plants were used for callus induction. Nine physiological and biochemical indexes of callus were determined. The physiological and biochemical changes of callus were analyzed by principal component analysis and subordinate function analysis. The results showed that according to the changes of leaf type, plant height, and leaf area, 6 plants with radiation variation were selected, including 1 dwarf plant (A), 4 higher plants (G1, G2, G3, G4), and 1 distorted plant (J). The callus induction rates of J, A, and G4 were 79.35%, 91.89%, and 98.00%, respectively. The callus induction rates of control, G1, G2, and G3 were 100%, and The browning rate of leaf callus ranged from 0.00% to 5.41%. In G3 callus, proline (Pro) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were the highest, 58.72 μg·g-1 and 123.45 μmol·min-1·g-1, and the lowest contents of malondialdehyde (MAD) and relative conductivity (RC) were 0.44 μmol·L-1 and 44.44%, respectively. The content of soluble protein (SP) and soluble sugar (SS) in J callus were the highest, which were 6.92 mg·g-1 and 1.48%. The highest peroxidase (POD) activity was 98.40 μmol·min-1·g-1 in G2 callus, while the highest catalase (CAT) activity was 911.67 μmol·min-1·g-1 in A callus. Principal component analysis showed that SS, Pro, CAT, MAD, RC, and SOD were the main indexes affecting the physiological and biochemical characteristics of alfalfa callus. According to the analysis of the changes of 6 indexes of callus, the order was G3＞CK＞J＞A＞G1＞G2＞G4. The G3 callus from the leaves of the mutant plants could provide the basic materials for the selection of alfalfa stress resistant mutants. |
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