| 云文丽,苗百岭.内蒙古马铃薯干旱等级指标研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(2):220~226 |
| 内蒙古马铃薯干旱等级指标研究 |
| A study of drought index of potato in Inner Mongolia |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.02.28 |
| 中文关键词: 干旱等级指标 马铃薯 水分亏缺指数 内蒙古 |
| 英文关键词:drought assessment index potato crop water deficit index Inner Mongolia |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技计划项目（201802108） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根据马铃薯各生长发育阶段对水分的需求规律，结合内蒙古实际降水供水情况确定了作物水分亏缺指数为表征马铃薯水分亏缺程度的指标。利用内蒙古地区有代表性的26个种植站点1981—2015年的马铃薯产量资料和降水量等气象资料，开展水分亏缺指数和减产率、相对生长高度的相关分析，建立该区域马铃薯干旱灾害等级指标，结合中国气象局行业标准中规定作物水分亏缺指数（CWDI）的等级划分，得出了马铃薯播种~出苗、出苗~分枝、分枝~开花、开花~成熟4个生育阶段轻旱、中旱、重旱、特旱的等级指标。根据水分亏缺指数，马铃薯4个生育阶段发生轻旱的临界值分别为 35%、25%、20%和30%，发生中旱的临界值分别为 50%、40%、35% 和45%，发生重旱的临界值分别为 65%、55%、50%和60%，发生特旱的临界值分别为80%、70%、65%和 75%。利用2016—2018年全区80个马铃薯种植站点干旱实况进行指标验证，4个发育时期评价数据等级一致和相差一级的分别占总数据的83.33%、82.92%、76.25%和92.50%，表明研究建立的水分亏缺指数对干旱发生情况的判别具有较好的准确性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this paper, crop water deficit index was selected to establish the drought indexes according to the potato growth process. The whole growth duration of potato was divided into four stages, namely sowing to emergence, emergence to branching, branching to flowering, and flowering to maturity. Drought was classified into four grades, including light drought, moderate drought, strong drought, and severe drought. The drought grade indexes were determined for each stage and grade. By using the yield and meteorological data at 26 agrometeorological stations from 1981 to 2015, the monitoring and evaluation index of potato drought disaster derived from the regression model portrayed as linear between the crop water deficit index and the relative meteorological yield and the relative growth height, combined with the classification of crop water deficit index specified in industry standards of China Meteorological Administration. According to the crop water deficit index, the critical index value at four stages of potato was 35%, 25%, 20%, 30% for light drought, respectively; it was 50%, 40%, 35%, 45% for moderate drought, and 65%, 55%, 50%, 60% for strong drought, and 80%, 70%, 65%, 75% for severe drought, respectively. Using the drought situation of 80 potato typical sites in the region from 2016 to 2018 to verify the indicators, the evaluation data of the four developmental stages with the same level and a difference of one grade accounted for 83.33%, 82.92%, 76.25%, and 92.50% of the total data, respectively, indicating that the water deficit index established by the study has good accuracy in judging the occurrence of drought. |
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