| 雷宏军,孙克平,张振华,刘蕾蕾,杨宏光,潘红卫,景明,席海朋.温室辣椒生长和氮素吸收对增氧滴灌的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(3):33~41 |
| 温室辣椒生长和氮素吸收对增氧滴灌的响应 |
| Response of pepper growth and nitrogen uptake to aerated drip irrigationin greenhouse |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.03.05 |
| 中文关键词: 增氧滴灌 土壤通气性 净光合速率 氮素吸收 产量和品质 |
| 英文关键词:aerated drip irrigation soil aeration net photosynthetic rate nitrogen uptake yield and fruit quality |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52079052)；河南省科技攻关计划（212102110032）；山东省重点研发计划重大科技创新工程(2019JZZY010710)；山东省农业重大应用技术创新（SD2019ZZ017）；黄河水利科学研究院基本业务费专项（HKY-JBYW-2018-17）；华北水利水电大学研究生创新课题（YK2020-07）；国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202010078016） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以‘康大301’辣椒为供试作物，设置施氮量（低氮225 kg·hm-2和常氮300 kg·hm-2）、掺气量（非曝气和循环曝气）和灌水量（低水量965 m3·hm-2和高水量1 609 m3·hm-2）3因素2水平随机区组试验，系统监测不同处理土壤水饱和度（Sr）、氧气扩散速率（ODR）、氧化还原电位（Eh）、温室辣椒生长生理指标（根系活力、净光合速率、产量和品质）和氮素吸收利用状况。结果表明，与对照处理相比，增氧滴灌处理土壤水饱和度平均降低3.09%，ODR和Eh分别显著提高11.28%和7.85%。在相同灌水量和施氮量水平下，增氧滴灌处理较对照处理净光合速率平均增幅12.97%、根系活力平均增强13.10%（P<0.05），产量平均增产18.18%（P<0.05），辣椒Vc含量和可溶性蛋白质含量分别平均增加了9.45%和18.78%（P<0.05），氮素吸收利用效率（UPEN）平均提高了17.84%（P<0.05）。综上，增氧滴灌可有效改善土壤通气性，促进辣椒生长和氮素吸收利用效率，其中灌水量1 609 m3·hm-2、施氮量300 kg·hm-2、循环曝气的组合方案为推荐方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Taking ‘Kangda 301’ pepper as the test crop, a randomized block experiment was conducted with three factors and two levels: nitrogen (N) application rate (225 kg·hm-2 and 300 kg·hm-2),air void fraction (subsurface drip irrigation with conventional water and aerated water), and irrigation amount (965 m3·hm-2 and 1 609 m3·hm-2). Soil water filled pore space (WFPS), oxygen diffusion rate (ODR), oxidation\|reduction potential (Eh), physiological indexes of pepper growth (root activity, net photosynthetic rate, yield and quality) and N uptake and utilization of different treatments were systematically monitored. Results showed that compared with the control, the soil water filled pore space treatments decreased by 3.09%, and ODR and Eh increased by 11.28% and 7.85% significantly in aerated drip irrigation.Under the same irrigation amount and N application rate, the photosynthetic rate, root activity, yield, Vc content, and soluble protein content in aerated drip irrigation treatments increased by 12.97, 13.10 (P<0.05), 18.18 (P<0.05), 9.45, and 18.78% (P<0.05), respectively, and N uptake and utilization efficiency increased by 17.84% (P<0.05) compared to the control.In summary, aerated drip irrigation effectively improved soil aeration, promoted pepper growth, and enhanced N absorption capacity, and the combination of irrigation amount of 1 609 m3·hm-2, N application rate of 300 kg·hm-2, and air void fraction of 15% was the suggested scheme. |
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