| 高彦婷,黄珍,张芮,王菲,董博,杨昌钰,李红霞.单生育期水分胁迫对温室葡萄根际土壤酶活性及微生物群落的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(3):59~68 |
| 单生育期水分胁迫对温室葡萄根际土壤酶活性及微生物群落的影响 |
| Effects of water stress during single growth period on soil enzyme activities and microbial communities in the rhizosphere of greenhouse grape |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.03.08 |
| 中文关键词: 温室葡萄 酶活性 根际土壤 水分胁迫 细菌群落 单生育期 |
| 英文关键词:greenhouse grapes enzyme activity rhizosphere soil water stress bacterial community single growth period |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51769001,51569002）；陇原青年创新创业人才项目(2019-9)；甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院青年教师科技创新基金项目（SLSDXY-QN2018-05） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确单生育期水分胁迫对土壤酶活性和微生物群落结构的影响，选取5 a生‘红地球’鲜食葡萄为试验材料，采用单因素完全随机试验设计，以全生育期充分供水为对照(CK)，依次在葡萄5个生育期分别设置轻度(M)和重度（S）两个水分胁迫水平进行大田试验，利用Illumina高通量测序技术分析土壤微生物的群落构成和多样性。结果表明:葡萄根际土壤淀粉酶活性、蔗糖酶活性和微生物量碳对水分胁迫响应敏感。在葡萄生育前期，轻度水分胁迫能显著提高土壤淀粉酶活性，FM处理在开花期淀粉酶活性较CK提高13.5%。短期重度水分胁迫复水后对土壤酶活性和微生物量碳具有补偿效应，处理GS和PS在着色成熟期土壤微生物量碳分别比CK提高13.4%和15.6%。GS和PS处理适度水分胁迫可提高土壤微生物量碳。短期水分胁迫可以提高土壤细菌群落丰度，进而提高根际土壤微生物活性。门水平上微生物丰度排名前十的物种在单生育期水分胁迫下差异明显，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）始终是优势类群，占比平均41.06%，但在葡萄不同生育期，影响其相对丰度的主要环境因子不同。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to clarify the effect of water stress on soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure during single growth period, five\|year\|old ‘Red Globe’ table grapes were selected as the experimental materials, and a single\|factor completely randomized trial design was adopted. The treatments included adequate water supply throughout the growth period as the control (CK), and two water stress levels as mild (M) and severe (S) in five growth periods of the grapes in the field. We used Illumina high\|throughput sequencing technology to analyze the community composition and diversity of soil microorganisms. The results showed that the soil amylase activity, invertase activity, and microbial biomass carbon of grape rhizosphere were sensitive to water stress. In the early stage of grape growth, mild water stress significantly increased soil amylase activity. FM amylase activity at flowering stage increased by 13.5% compared with that of CK; short\|term severe water stress and rewatering had a compensation effect on soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass carbon. GS and PS soil microbial biomass carbon increased by 13.4% and 15.6%, respectively, compared with CK in the coloring mature period. Moderate water stress increased soil microbial biomass carbon while short\|term water stress increased the abundance of soil bacterial communities, thereby improved rhizosphere soil microbial activity. At the phylum level, the microbial abundance rankings of TOP 10 species had obvious differences under water stress during a single growth period. Proteobacteria was always the dominant group, accounting for an average of 41.06%. However, the relative abundance of grapes was affected by different growth periods and the main environmental factors were different. |
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