| 闫辰啸,洪明,秦佳豪,傅俊杰,李海军,王云.生物炭对和田风沙土水力特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(4):21~28 |
| 生物炭对和田风沙土水力特性的影响 |
| Effects of biochar on hydraulic characteristics of aeolian sandy soil in Hetian |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.04.03 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭 风沙土 土壤水分特征曲线 有效水含量 导水率 |
| 英文关键词:biochar aeolian sandy soil soil water characteristic curve available moisture content hydraulic conductivity |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2018Y024);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2018B01002-2);新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅创新项目(XJEDU2017T004) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究生物炭的施入量对和田风沙土水力特性的影响，设置了5个生物炭施用量处理，质量比（生物炭质量/干土质量）分别为0%（CK）、4%（T1）、8%（T2）、12%（T3）、16%（T4），利用离心机法获取土壤水分与吸力关系，定水头法获得饱和土壤导水率，通过VG-M组合模型拟合土壤水分特征曲线，探究生物炭对风沙土持水性、土壤水分有效性、释水性和导水规律的影响。结果表明：生物炭显著影响了风沙土的持水特性，改变了其孔隙分布规律，对VG模型参数θs、θr、α、n均有不同程度的影响。随着生物炭的增加，田间持水量（体积含水量）由19.42%增加到30.64%，全有效水含量由18.15％增加到25.63%，萎蔫系数由1.27%增加到5.01%，饱和导水率平均降低80.93%，各处理的比水容量在PF=1.8~3.8（土壤水吸力对数值）阶段为T3>T4>T2>T1>CK，在相同的土壤含水量下各处理的非饱和导水率表现为CK>T1>T2>T3>T4，毛管孔隙比例与生物炭用量呈二次函数趋势变化。生物炭能够改善风沙土的孔隙结构，增大其有效水分含量，减小其入渗速率。从土壤水力特性角度出发，利用生物炭改良和田风沙土生物炭适宜的施入量为12%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the influence of biochar application amount on hydraulic characteristics of aeolian sandy soil in Hetian, 5 biochar application amount treatments were set up, respectively, with the mass ratios (biochar weight/dry soil weight) of 0% (CK), 4% (T1), 8% (T2), 12% (T3), 16% (T4). The relationship between soil moisture and soil suction was obtained by using centrifugation technique. The saturated hydraulic conductivity was obtained by using fixed waterhead method. VG-M combination model was used to fit soil water characteristic curve to explore the effect of biochar on water holding capacity, soil water availability, water release and water conduction of aeolian sandy soil. The results showed that biochar significantly affected the water holding capacity of aeolian sandy soil, changed its internal pore distribution pattern, and impacted on the VG model parameters θs, θr, α, n. With increasing biochar application amount, the field water holding capacity (volumetric water content) increased from 19.42% to 30.64%, the total available moisture content increased from 18.15% to 25.63%, the wilting coefficient increased from 1.27% to 5.01%, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased by 80.93% on average. In the stage of PF=1.8~3.8 (log of soil water suction), the specific water capacity of each treatment was T3>T4>T2>T1>CK. With the same soil moisture content, the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of each treatment was CK>T1>T2>T3>T4. Change between the ratio of capillary pore and biochar application showed a quadratic function trend. In summary, biochar application improved the pore structure of aeolian sandy soil, increased its available moisture content and reduced its infiltration rate. From the perspective of soil hydraulic characteristics, when biochar was used to improve aeolian sandy soil in Hetian, the suitable application amount of biochar was 12%. |
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