王龙,贺小伟,胡灿,王旭峰,刘勤,严昌荣,丁建萍.生物降解地膜降解性能对南疆土壤温湿度及棉花产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(4):64~70
生物降解地膜降解性能对南疆土壤温湿度及棉花产量的影响
Effects of degradation properties of biodegradable plastic mulches on soil temperature, humidity and cotton yield in Southern Xinjiang
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.04.08
中文关键词:  生物降解地膜  降解速率  土壤温度  土壤含水量  棉花  产量
英文关键词:biodegradable plastic film  degradation rate  soil temperature  soil moisture  cotton  yield
基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（BSRF201805）；新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目（2018AA001/05）；国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”重点专项（2017YFE0121900）
作者单位
王龙 塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院，阿拉尔 新疆 843300；新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室，阿拉尔 新疆 843300 
贺小伟 塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院，阿拉尔 新疆 843300；新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室，阿拉尔 新疆 843300 
胡灿 塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院，阿拉尔 新疆 843300；新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室，阿拉尔 新疆 843300 
王旭峰 塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院，阿拉尔 新疆 843300；新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室，阿拉尔 新疆 843300 
刘勤 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，北京 100081；农业农村部农膜污染防控重点实验室，北京 100081 
严昌荣 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，北京 100081；农业农村部农膜污染防控重点实验室，北京 100081 
丁建萍 新疆蓝山屯河化工股份有限公司，昌吉 新疆 831100 
摘要点击次数: 746
全文下载次数: 127
中文摘要:
      以普通聚乙烯（PE）地膜为对照，研究了棉田3种成分含量不同的聚对苯二甲酸-己二酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）生物降解地膜（A、B1和B2）的降解过程，分析了生物降解地膜对土壤温度、土壤含水量、棉花生长和产量的影响。结果显示:不同类型降解地膜的降解速率不同，降解速率排序为B1＜A＜B2;在棉花生育前期，生物降解地膜膜面保持完整，保温保墒效果差异不显著，但随着降解地膜的膜面降解破裂，膜下土壤温度和含水量开始降低，在棉花生育后期，生物降解地膜比普通地膜的土壤日均温低0.5℃~1.5℃，土壤含水量低2%~3%；A和B2生物降解地膜降解时间较早，使棉花生育中期生长受限，籽棉减产22.47%和23.06%，而B1生物降解地膜处理的棉花生育期与普通PE地膜基本一致，籽棉增产0.89%。B1生物降解膜具有较好的棉田覆盖应用潜力，较适用于南疆棉花种植。
英文摘要:
      Degradation process of three PBAT (polybutylene adipate terephthalate) biodegradable mulching plastic film (A, B1 and B2) in cotton field was studied, compared with common plastic film. The effects of biodegradable plastic film on soil temperature, soil moisture content, cotton growth and yield were analyzed. The resulted revealed that the degradation rate of different types of plastic film was different, and the order of degradation rate was B1＜A＜B2. In the early stage of cotton growth, the biodegradable plastic film surface remained intact, and the effect of heat preservation and moisture preservation was not significant, but with the degradation and rupture of the film surface, the soil temperature and moisture content under the film began to decrease. In the later stage of cotton growth, the soil temperature and moisture content of biodegradable plastic film were lower than that of common plastic film. The bio\|degradation time of A and B2 biodegradable plastic film was earlier, which restricted the growth of cotton in the middle period, resulting in reduction of seed cotton by about 20%. However, the growth period and yield of B1 biodegradable plastic film were not different from that of ordinary PE film with the seed cotton yield increasing by 0.89%, which had good social and ecological benefits. Therefore, the B1 biodegradable film had better application potential of cotton field covering and was more suitable for cotton planting in southern Xinjiang.
查看全文  查看/发表评论  下载PDF阅读器