杂交甜高粱的钠离子累积特性研究

蒋博; 王琦; 李文建; 吴跃进; 董喜存; 杨阳

蒋博,王琦,李文建,吴跃进,董喜存,杨阳.杂交甜高粱的钠离子累积特性研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(5):59~65

杂交甜高粱的钠离子累积特性研究

Na⁺ accumulation characteristics in a hybrid sweet sorghum variety

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.05.07

中文关键词: NaCl胁迫杂交甜高粱 Na⁺浓度 Na⁺吸收量生物量

英文关键词:NaCl stress hybrid sweet sorghum Na⁺ concentration Na⁺ uptake biomass

基金项目:中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院院长基金融合专项(YZJJZX202020)；国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0301302)；中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS)区域重点项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-008)

作者	单位
蒋博	安徽大学物质科学与信息技术研究院，安徽合肥 230039；中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院，安徽合肥 230031
王琦	中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院，安徽合肥 230031
李文建	中国科学院近代物理研究所，甘肃兰州 730000
吴跃进	安徽大学物质科学与信息技术研究院，安徽合肥 230039；中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院，安徽合肥 230031
董喜存	中国科学院近代物理研究所，甘肃兰州 730000
杨阳	安徽大学物质科学与信息技术研究院，安徽合肥 230039；中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院，安徽合肥 230031

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中文摘要:

以甜高粱‘BJ0603’(杂交品种)和‘623B’ (常规对照)为供试作物，在盆栽和田间条件下分别设置轻度（0.9 g·kg^-1NaCl）、中度（2.9 g·kg^-1NaCl）和重度盐胁迫（4.9 g·kg^-1和6.9 g·kg^-1 NaCl）处理，分析甜高粱的Na⁺累积特性。结果表明，随盐胁迫水平由0.9 g·kg^-1提高到6.9 g·kg^-1，‘623B’植株Na⁺浓度由0.395 g·kg^-1提高到1.104 g·kg^-1，‘BJ0603’植株Na⁺浓度由0.321 g·kg^-1提高到0.759 g·kg^-1。相同盐胁迫水平下，‘BJ0603’植株Na⁺浓度比对照‘623B’降低4.1%~44.5%，而其生物学产量比对照‘623B’提高73.5%~193.8% (P<0.05)；不同程度盐胁迫下，‘BJ0603’的根系Na⁺浓度比叶片、叶鞘和茎秆Na⁺浓度分别提高46.9%~346.2%、104.3%~461.3%和51.6%~156.3%。与非胁迫(0.9 g·kg^-1)相比，轻度盐胁迫下‘623B’和‘BJ0603’的生物学产量分别提高38.0%和24.5%(P<0.05)；而进一步提高盐胁迫水平至6.9 g·kg^-1，‘623B’和‘BJ0603’的生物学产量分别降低56.1%和31.0%。随盐胁迫水平的提高，对照‘623B’的根系干物质量逐渐下降(由22.67 g·plant^-1降为9.26 g·plant^-1)，而‘BJ0603’并无明显下降趋势。盐胁迫下杂交甜高粱‘BJ0603’具有更高的生物学产量和Na⁺富集能力，适于在盐渍化地区种植及促进盐渍化土壤生物修复。

英文摘要:

In this study, sweet sorghum varieties ‘BJ0603’ (a hybrid) and ‘623B’ (the control) were used as test crops, and different salt stress treatments were set under pot and field conditions during 2020 to analyze the Na⁺ accumulation characteristics in the sweet sorghum varieties. The results showed that, as salt stress increased from 0.9 g·kg^-1 to 6.9 g·kg^-1, the plant Na⁺ concentration in ‘623B’ increased from 0.395 g·kg^-1 to 1.104 g·kg^-1, while the plant Na⁺ concentration in ‘BJ0603’ increased from 0.321 g·kg^-1 to 0.759 g·kg^-1. Under the same salt stress level, the plant Na⁺ concentration in ‘BJ0603’ was 4.1%~44.5% which was lower than that in ‘623B’. The biomass of ‘BJ0603’ was 73.5%~193.8% higher than that of ‘623B’ (P<0.05). Under different salt stresses, the root Na⁺ concentrations in ‘BJ0603’ were 46.9%~346.2%, 104.3%~461.3%, and 51.6%~156.3% higher than the leaf, leaf sheath, and stem Na⁺ concentrations, respectively. Compared with non\|stress (0.9 g·kg^-1), light salt stress (1.5 g·kg^-1) increased the biomass of ‘623B’ and ‘BJ0603’ by 38.0% and 24.5%, respectively (P<0.05). Further increasing in salt stress (to 6.9 g·kg^-1) reduced the biomass of ‘623B’ and ‘BJ0603’ by 56.1% and 31.0%, respectively. As the salt stress levels increased, the root dry matter mass of ‘623B’ gradually decreased from 22.67 g·plant^-1 to 9.26 g·plant^-1, while that of ‘BJ0603’ showed no significant decline. Under salt stress, hybrid sweet sorghum variety ‘BJ0603’ had higher biomass and Na⁺ enrichment capacity, and thus it was suitable for popularization in salinized areas and promoting the bioremediation of saline soils.

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