| 马勇,范晓慧,刘增文.4种农作物对常见城市绿化树木落花的化感响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(5):90~98 |
| 4种农作物对常见城市绿化树木落花的化感响应 |
| Allelopathy response of four crops to falling flowers in common urban greening trees |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.05.12 |
| 中文关键词: 化感响应 落花浸提液 浸种 发芽 幼苗生长 |
| 英文关键词:allelopathy falling flower extract seed soaking germination seedling growth |
| 基金项目:陕西省自然科学基础研究计划重点项目(2016JZ010)；西北农林科技大学创新项目(2018) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用培养皿滤纸法，研究13种城市绿化树木落花浸提液对黄瓜（Cucumissativus）、高粱（Sorghum vulgare）、小麦（Triticumaestivum）和油菜（Brassica campestris）4种常见受体作物种子的化感效应。结果表明：海棠（Malus spectabilis）、紫玉兰（Magnolia liliflora）、紫荆（Cercis chinensis）和银杏（Ginkgo biloba）落花浸提液可对黄瓜种子萌发及其幼苗生长产生不同程度的化感抑制作用（化感效应指数RI介于-0.90与-0.11之间），紫玉兰落花浸提液可显著抑制高粱种子萌发及其幼苗的生长（RI介于-0.76与-0.14之间）(P<0.05)，紫玉兰、紫叶李（Prunus cerasiferaⅡ）和紫荆落花浸提液可对小麦种子萌发及其幼苗生长产生不同程度的抑制作用（RI介于-0.87与-0.13之间），紫玉兰、紫叶李和含笑（Michelia figo）落花浸提液可对油菜种子萌发及其幼苗生长产生不同程度的抑制作用（RI介于-0.89与-0.13之间）。综合评价后发现樱花（Cerasus sp.）、桃花(Amygdalus persica)、红叶李(Prunus cerasiferaⅠ)、栾树(Koelreuteria paniculate)和杏梅(Prunus mume)落花水浸提液可对至少3种受体种子萌发和幼苗生长表现为化感促进作用，而海棠、紫玉兰、紫叶李、紫荆、银杏和连翘（Forsythia suspensa）落花水浸提液可对至少3种受体种子萌发和幼苗生长表现为化感抑制作用。因此，樱花、桃花、红叶李、栾树和杏梅等5个树种的落花浸提液可有效促进受体植物种子萌发和幼苗生长过程，可以作为开发生物质有机肥的首选物种资源。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Using the Petri dish filter paper method, the allelopathy of falling flower extracts of 13 urban greening trees on the seeds of Cucumissativus, Sorghum vulgare, Triticumaestivum and Brassica campestris were studied. The results showed that, the extracts of Malus spectabilis, Magnolia liliflora, Cercis chinensis and Ginkgo biloba had different degrees of allelopathic inhibition on Cucumissativus seed germination and seedling growth (allelopathic effect index RI was between -0.90 and -0.11). The extracts of Magnolia liliflora significantly inhibited Sorghum vulgare seed germination and seedling growth (RI was between -0.76 and -0.14) (P<0.05). The extracts of Magnolia liliflora, Prunus cerasifera Ⅱ and Cercis chinensis inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of Triticumaestivum in different degrees (RI was between -0.87 and -0.13). The extracts of Magnolia liliflora, Prunus cerasifera Ⅱ and Michelia figo had different degrees of inhibition on seed germination and seedling growth of Brassica campestris (RI was between -0.89 and -0.13). After comprehensive evaluation, it was found that the water extracts of Cerasus sp., Amygdalus persica, Prunus cerasifera Ⅰ, Koelreuteria paniculate and Prunus mume promoted the seed germination and seedling growth of at least three receptors, while the water extracts of Malus spectabilis, Magnolia liliflora, Prunus cerasifera Ⅱ, Cercis chinensis, Ginkgo biloba, and Forsythia suspensa inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of at least three receptors. Therefore, the falling flower extracts of Cerasus sp., Amygdalus persica, Prunus cerasifera Ⅰ, Koelreuteria paniculate and Prunus mume effectively promoted the seed germination and seedling growth of recipient plants, and could be used as preferred species resources for the development of biomass organic fertilizer. |
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