甘肃两种典型盐成土不同粒径土壤颗粒中盐分离子的分布特征

郭全恩; 曹诗瑜; 展宗冰; 南丽丽; 王卓; 张举军; 朱晓涛

郭全恩,曹诗瑜,展宗冰,南丽丽,王卓,张举军,朱晓涛.甘肃两种典型盐成土不同粒径土壤颗粒中盐分离子的分布特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(5):216~221

甘肃两种典型盐成土不同粒径土壤颗粒中盐分离子的分布特征

Distribution characteristics of salt ions in soil aggregates with different particle diameters for two types of typical halosols in Gansu Province

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.05.28

中文关键词: 典型盐成土盐分离子分布特征土壤颗粒

英文关键词:typical halosols salt ions distribution characteristics soil aggregates

基金项目:甘肃省农业科学院科研条件建设及成果转化重点研发项目（2019GAAS24）；国家自然科学基金(41363004)

作者	单位
郭全恩	甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070
曹诗瑜	甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070
展宗冰	甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070
南丽丽	甘肃农业大学草业学院，甘肃兰州 730070
王卓	甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070
张举军	甘肃景泰县农业技术推广中心，甘肃景泰 730400
朱晓涛	甘肃金塔县农业技术推广中心，甘肃金塔 735300

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中文摘要:

以甘肃粉质黏壤土(瓜州)和砂质壤土(金昌)两种不同质地的典型盐成土作为研究对象，采用干筛法进行土壤颗粒大小分级(＞5、2~5、1~2、0.5~1、0.25~0.5、＜0.25 mm)，探讨盐分及其离子在不同粒径土壤颗粒中的分布特征。结果表明：土壤盐分离子的分布与土壤颗粒的粒径大小有关。对于粉质黏壤土和砂质壤土，可溶性总盐、HCO^-₃、Cl^-、SO^2-₄、Ca²⁺、Na⁺均主要分布在粒径＜0.25 mm的土壤颗粒中，其次是分布在粒径2~5 mm的土壤颗粒中，粒径＞5 mm的土壤颗粒中分布最少。在粉质黏壤土中，可溶性总盐、HCO^-₃、Cl^-、SO^2-₄、Ca²⁺、Na⁺在粒径＜0.25 mm土壤颗粒中所占百分比最高，依次为28.1%、29.7%、27.1%、32.1%、36.2%、29.3%，在粒径＞5 mm土壤颗粒中所占百分比最低，依次为7.9%、9.1%、8.7%、6.1%、5.8%、7.5%；在砂质壤土中，可溶性总盐、HCO^-₃、Cl^-、SO^2-₄、Ca²⁺、Na⁺在粒径＜0.25 mm土壤颗粒中所占百分比最高，依次为39.5%、45.7%、32.5%、36.6%、40.2%、31.3%，在粒径＞5 mm土壤颗粒中所占百分比最低，依次为8.1%、6.7%、9.6%、8.2%、5.8%、8.8%。Mg²⁺的分布与土壤质地类型有关，且主要分布在粒径2~5 mm或＞5 mm的土壤大颗粒中。在粉质黏壤土中，Mg²⁺在粒径2~5 mm的土壤颗粒中所占百分比最高，为24.6%，在粒径＞5 mm土壤颗粒中所占百分比最低，为8.6%。在砂质壤土中，Mg²⁺在粒径＞5 mm的土壤颗粒中所占百分比最高，为32.4%，在粒径0.5~1 mm的土壤颗粒中所占百分比最低，为4.8%。

英文摘要:

The distribution characteristics of salt ions in soil aggregates with different particle diameters significantly affect cycling, conversion, and availability of soil nutrients. In the study, with silty clay loam from Guazhou County and sand loam from Jinchang County of Gansu Province as the study objects. Based on the dry sieving method, aggregate diameters were divided into 6 grades: > 5 mm, 2~5 mm, 1~2 mm, 0.5~1 mm, 0.25~0.5 mm, and <0.25 mm to explore distribution characteristics of salt ions in soil aggregates with different particle diameters. The results showed that the distribution of salty ions in soil was related to the size of soil particles. Soluble total salt, HCO^-₃, Cl^-, SO^2-₄, Ca²⁺， and Na⁺ in silty clay loam and sandy loam were mostly distributed in soil aggregates with the diameter of less than 0.25 mm, followed by in the size of 2~5 mm, and their distributions in soil aggregates with the diameter of more than 5 mm were the lowest. The percentages of soluble total salt, HCO^-₃, Cl^-, SO^2-₄, Ca²⁺ and Na⁺ in silty clay loam and sandy loam were both the highest in soil particles with particle size less than 0.25 mm, and the percentages are 28.1% and 39.5%, 29.7% and 45.7%, 27.1% and 32.5%, 32.1% and 36.6%, 36.2% and 40.2%, 29.3% and 31.3%, respectively. These numbers were the lowest in soil particles with particle size more than 5 mm, and the percentages were 7.9% and 8.1%, 9.1% and 6.7%, 8.7% and 9.6%, 6.1% and 8.2%, 5.8% and 5.8%,7.5% and 8.8%, respectively. The distribution of Mg²⁺ was related to the type of soil texture and it was mostly distributed in soil particles with particle size in the 2~5 mm and more than 5 mm. The percentages of Mg²⁺ in silty clay loam was the highest in soil particles with particle size in the 2~5 mm, and it was 24.6%, and the lowest in soil particles with particle size more than 5 mm was 8.6%. But in sandy loam, the percentages of Mg²⁺ was the highest in soil particles with particle size more than 5 mm, and it was 32.4%, and the lowest in soil particles with particle size in the 0.5~1 mm was 4.8%.

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