万芳新,孙浩博,杜小龙,李声元,赵永彪,黄晓鹏.自走式枸杞振动采收机设计与试验[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,(5):231~238
自走式枸杞振动采收机设计与试验
Design and test of self\|propelled Lycium barbarum vibrating harvester
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.05.30
中文关键词:  枸杞采收机  自走式  振动采摘  参数优化  田间试验
英文关键词:Lycium barbarum harvester  self\|propelled  vibration picking  parameter optimization  field experiment
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目 (51765003)；甘肃省科技厅重点研发项目（20YF3NA033)
作者单位
万芳新 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China 
孙浩博 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China 
杜小龙 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China 
李声元 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China 
赵永彪 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China 
黄晓鹏 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China 
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中文摘要:
      通过建立果树系统的振动力学模型，得出收获期枸杞挂果枝固有频率范围为2.5~11.6 Hz，确定振动采摘枸杞激振设备振幅为15～80 mm、频率范围为2.5～11.6 Hz、单个振动杆安装圆盘上的振动杆安装数量为4~12个，基于此设计出一种自走式枸杞振动采收机，通过田间试验研究了振幅、频率、振动杆数量对成熟枸杞果实的采净率、损伤率、青果错采率的影响。利用Design-Expert 8.0.6软件统计优化采收相关参数，获得最佳因素参数组合为：偏心盘转速140 r·min-1，振幅70 mm，振动杆数量10个。通过田间验证试验，得出在上述条件下成熟枸杞采净率的最小值为86.26%，最大值为96.21%，平均值为91.23%；青果错采率的最小值为0.48%，最大值为5.80%，平均值为3.14%；成熟枸杞损伤率的最小值为0.84%，最大值为2.87%，平均值为1.85%。试验证明在最佳参数组合下枸杞的综合采收效果已满足设计要求。
英文摘要:
      By establishing a vibration mechanical model of the fruit tree system, the mechanical conditions for the mechanical picking of Lycium barbarum to meet the requirements of “picking ripe and staying green” were obtained. Through field experiments, this project specifically studied effects of the amplitude, frequency, and number of vibrating rods on the harvest rate, damage rate, and wrong green harvest rate of mature Lycium barbarum fruits. Using the optimal value prediction function of the Design\|Expert 8.0.6 software to optimize the harvesting related parameters, the best combination of parameters was 140 r·min-1 for rotation speed of eccentric disc, 70 mm for amplitude, and 10 for number of vibrating rods. Under these conditions and based on experimental results, the minimum value of mature Lycium barbarum was 86.26%, the maximum value was 96.21%, and the average value was 91.23%. The minimum value of green fruit error recovery rate was 0.48%, the maximum value was 5.80%, and the average value was 3.14%. The minimum damage rate of mature Lycium barbarum was 0.84%, the maximum value was 2.87%, and the average value was 1.85%. The comprehensive recovery effect of the test index was the best and met the design requirements.
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