| 马梦楠,刘媛,马锋旺,邹养军.苹果MdGH3-2/12在盐胁迫下的功能分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2021,39(6):39~52 |
| 苹果MdGH3-2/12在盐胁迫下的功能分析 |
| Function analysis of MdGH3-2/12 under salt stress in apple |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2021.06.05 |
| 中文关键词: MdGH3-2/12 苹果 盐胁迫 功能分析 |
| 英文关键词:MdGH3-2/12 apple salt stress function analysis |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFD1001401-PG02）；国家苹果产业技术体系（CARS-27） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 559 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 于2020年5月—2021年2月以苹果野生型WT植株和MdGH3-2/12的RNA干扰转基因植株（RNAi）为材料，采用水培试验方法测定了盐胁迫条件下苹果植株的表型、生长量、光合参数、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶及活性氧（ROS）含量变化，初步解析了MdGH3-2/12在苹果响应盐胁迫中的功能。研究结果表明：（1）与WT植株相比，RNAi植株叶表面出现更多的褐斑和坏死，且根系活力显著降低，其3个株系（GR-1,GR-9,GR-10）根系活力分别为WT植株的93.8%、77.5%和90.0%；植株的生长和光合作用受到更大影响，Pn、Ci和Gs都显著降低，其中Pn值分别下降至WT植株的62.9%、77.41%和83.6%。最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）也显著下降，3个株系分别为WT植株的97.0%、96.4%和97.5%；叶绿素含量分别显著下降至WT植株的90.7%、86.2%和81.9%，MDA含量分别为WT植株的1.15、1.25倍和1.16倍；REL含量分别为WT植株的1.23、1.39倍和1.48倍；叶片气孔开度在盐胁迫下也分别缩小了35.0%、39.0%、55.0%和46.2%。（2）与WT植株相比，RNAi植株株系体内Pro含量显著增加，3个株系分别为WT植株的7.1、10.3倍和6.3倍；叶片中ROS积累显著高于WT植株，H2O2含量分别为WT植株的1.6、1.8倍和1.8倍，而抗氧化酶活性显著下降，各材料（WT,GR-1,GR-9,GR-10）盐胁迫组的SOD酶活性分别为对照组的2.4、1.2、1.7倍和1.9倍，这表明与WT植株相比，盐胁迫下RNAi植株各株系不能有效清除ROS，对植株造成了更大伤害。（3）盐胁迫后各材料植株的Na+/K+比值分别为0.497、0.558、0.525和0.577，RNAi植株株系显著高于WT植株，但是相关离子转运基因的表达量显著低于WT植株，致使Na+不能及时外排，植株受到钠离子毒害，从而导致其耐盐性降低。以上结果表明，MdGH3-2/12在苹果植株应对盐胁迫方面发挥着重要的作用，将MdGH3-2/12[STBZ]基因干扰后苹果植株在盐胁迫下受到的伤害更大，植株对盐胁迫的抗性下降。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Conducted during May 2020 to February 2021, this experiment used apple wild\|type WT plants and MdGH3-2/12 RNA interference transgenic plants (RNAi) as materials to explore the function of auxin response gene MdGH3-2/12 to salt stress of apple. Changes of phenotype, growth, photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of apple plants under salt stress were evaluated.The research results are as follows:(1) Compared with WT, RNAi plants （lines of GR-1, GR-9, GR-10） showed more brown spots and necrosis on leaf surface, and root activity was significantly reduced, which were 93.8%, 77.5% and 90.0% of the WT plants, respectively. The growth and photosynthesis of the RNAi plants were significantly affected,and Pn, Ci and Gs were significantly decreased, with Pn values dropping to 62.9%, 77.41% and 83.6% of the WT plants, respectively. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) decreased to 97.0%, 96.4% and 97.5% of the WT plants, respectively. Chlorophyll content decreased significantly to 90.7%, 86.2% and 81.9% of the WT plants, MDA was 1.15, 1.25 and 1.16 times of the WT plants, and REL was 1.23, 1.39 and 1.48 times of the WT plants.The stomatal opening of leaves was decreased by 35.0%, 39.0%, 55.0% and 46.2%, respectively, under salt stress. (2) Compared with WT, Pro content in RNAi lines increased significantly, which was 7.1, 10.3 and 6.3 times of the WT plants. ROS accumulation in leaves was significantly higher than that in WT. H2O2 content in all lines was 1.6, 1.8 and 1.8 times of that in the WT plants, while antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly decreased.For example, SOD activity was 2.4, 1.2, 1.7 and 1.9 times of the control group, respectively, indicating that RNAi strains didn’t effectively remove ROS under salt stress and could cause more damage to plants. (3) Compared with WT, the Na+/K+ ratio of plants under salt stress were 0.497, 0.558, 0.525 and 0.577, which was significantly higher than that of WT (0.497). However, the expression level of related ion transporter genes was significantly lower than that of the WT plants. As a result, Na+ was unable to be discharged in time, and the plants were poisoned by sodium ions, which led to the decrease of salt tolerance. These results indicate that MdGH3-2/12 gene plays an important role in the salt stress response of apple plants. After interference with MdGH3-2/12 gene, the apple plants suffered more damage under salt stress, and the resistance of apple plants to salt stress decreased. |
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