李国红,杨恒山,张玉芹,肖利,李莹莹,高聚林.不同栽培模式下春玉米籽粒灌浆特性的研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(3):1~6
不同栽培模式下春玉米籽粒灌浆特性的研究
Grain-filling properties of spring maize under different cultivation patterns
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2013.03.01
中文关键词:  春玉米  栽培模式  灌浆特性  产量因素
英文关键词:Keywords:spring maize  cultivation pattems  grain-filling properties  production factors
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD16B13)； 内蒙古民族大学科研创新团队支持计划(NMD1003)
作者单位
李国红 内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽,028042 
杨恒山 内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽,028042 
张玉芹 内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽,028042 
肖利 内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽,028042 
李莹莹 内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽,028042 
高聚林 内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特,010019 
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中文摘要:
      以金山27和先玉335为供试品种,在西辽河平原研究了农户模式(目标产量11.25 t·hm-2,以NH表示)、高产模式(目标产量12.75.t·hm-2,以GC表示)和再高产模式(目标产量14.25 t·hm-2,以ZGC1、ZGC2表示,ZGC1和ZGC2密度相同,施肥时期不同)下春玉米籽粒灌浆特性。结果表明,不同栽培模式下玉米籽粒灌浆过程均可用Logistic方程进行描述,2个品种籽粒的终级生长量,除先玉335中下部籽粒外均表现为NH>GC>ZGC1>ZGC2。2个品种起始生长势均表现为NH>GC>ZGC,其中,金山27表现为ZGC1>ZGC2,先玉335则为ZGC2>ZGC1。4种栽培模式下最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率均表现为NH>GC>ZGC2>ZGC1,达到最大灌浆速率的时间均以NH最快,ZGC2最慢;有效灌浆期总体上表现为ZGC1>ZGC2>NH>GC。籽粒平均灌浆速率的大小,在灌浆不同阶段存在一定的差异,灌浆渐增期和快增期均表现为NH>GC>ZGC,而灌浆缓增期则表现为ZGC>NH>GC。灌浆快增期积累的干物质量对产量的贡献率为ZGC2>ZGC1>GC>NH。脱水速率前期表现为NH>GC>ZGC1>ZGC2,授粉后32~60 d的脱水速率为ZGC2>ZGC1>GC>NH,且模式间差异较大。
英文摘要:
      The grain-filling characteristics of Jinshan 27 and Xianyu 335 under different planting patterns,the farmers model(NH,target yield 11.25t·hm-2),high yield model(GC,target yield 12.75t·hm-2),and higher yield model(ZGC1,ZGC2,target yield 14.25t·hm-2),were studied in west Liaohe plain in this paper.The results showed that Logistic equation eould be used to simulate grain filling proeess of spring maize in different eultivation patters.Except the mid-basal of Xianyu 335,order of the final weight of one hundred kernel of two varieties in different planting models was NH>GC>ZGC1>ZGC2,order of the initial grain-filling potential of two spring maize varieties in different planting models was NH>GC>ZGC,initial grain-filling potential of jinshan 27 was higher in ZGC1 than in ZGC2,but lower in ZGC1 than in ZGC2 for Xianyu 335.The maximum grain-filling rate and mean grain-filling rate in four cultiva-tion pattems were ordered as NH>GC>ZGC2>ZGC1.NH model had shortest maximizing grain-filling time while ZGC2 model had the longest one.Effective grain-filling time in four planting models was ordered as ZGC1>ZGC2>NH>GC. There were some differences in the mean grain-filling rate in different stages.Gradual-increase grain-filling period and fast-increase grain-filling period in those models were ordered as NH>GC>ZGC,while slow-inerease grain-filling period was ordered as ZGC>NH>GC.The ratio of dry matter accumulation to yield in fast-inerease period in those four planting models was ordered as ZGC2>ZGC1>GC>NH.The order of dehydrating rate in earlier stage in those planting models was NH>GC>ZGC1>ZGC2.At32~60 days after pollination,that order was ZGC2>ZGCI>GC>NH.The differences among different patterns were significant.
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