| 袁成福,冯绍元,庄旭东,钱争.内蒙古河套灌区典型耕、荒地水盐动态分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(1):76~85 |
| 内蒙古河套灌区典型耕、荒地水盐动态分析 |
| Analyzing water\|salt dynamics in typical cultivated and wasteland in Hetao irrigation district of Inner Mongolia |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.01.09 |
| 中文关键词: 耕地；盐荒地；土壤含水率；土壤含盐量；地下水位；土壤水盐动态 河套灌区 |
| 英文关键词:cultivated land saline wasteland soil water content soil salinity groundwater level soil water\|salt dynamics Hetao irrigation district |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0403301）；江苏省扬州大学研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（XKYCX18_065） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探究河套灌区在实施节水灌溉下的水盐平衡机制，在河套灌区永济灌域选择1个典型研究区，通过观测耕地和盐荒地土壤含水率及含盐量、地下水位埋深及矿化度，分析耕、荒地水盐动态规律及其主要影响因素，探讨盐荒地对耕地的“旱排”作用。结果表明：在灌溉和降雨的影响下，耕地土壤含水率比盐荒地土壤含水率变化更剧烈，耕地土壤含水率的主要影响因素是灌溉及降雨、作物生长、地下水位埋深和土壤质地，盐荒地土壤含水率的主要影响因素是耕地灌溉和地下水位埋深；耕地土壤含盐量在3.5 g·kg-1以下，为轻度盐碱化土壤，盐荒地土壤含盐量较高，其中心区域的土壤含盐量在4.0~10.0 g·kg-1，为重度盐碱化土壤，耕地土壤含盐量的主要影响因素是灌溉和作物生长，盐荒地土壤含盐量的主要影响因素是地形地貌和地下水位埋深；盐荒地地下水位埋深低于耕地地下水位埋深，耕地地下水矿化度在3.0 g·L-1以下，为微咸水，盐荒地中心区域地下水矿化度平均在8.5 g·L-1左右，为重度咸水。在无地表排水措施条件下，分布于耕地之间的盐荒地是耕地水盐的排泄区域，为河套灌区“旱排盐”聚集的主要场地。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study was conducted at a typical study area with cultivated land and saline wasteland in Yongji irrigation area of Hetao irrigation district to explore the water\|salt balance mechanism. The soil water content, soil salinity, groundwater depth and groundwater salinity were observed in field experiments. The water\|salt dynamic and main influencing factors in cultivated wasteland were analyzed and discussed on the “dry drainage” effect of saline wasteland on cultivated land. The results showed that soil water content of cultivated land changed more obviously compared with soil water content of saline wasteland. The main influencing factors of soil water content for cultivated land were irrigation and rainfall, crop growth, groundwater depth and soil texture. The main influencing factors of soil water content for saline wasteland were irrigation of cultivated land and groundwater depth. The soil salinity of cultivated land was less than 3.5 g·kg-1, which was slightly salinized soil. The saline wasteland had high soil salinity and the soil salinity was 4.0~10.0 g·kg-1 in the central area of saline wasteland, which was severely salinized soil. The main influencing factors of soil salinity were irrigation and crop growth for cultivated land. The main influencing factors of soil salinity were topographic geomorphology and groundwater depth for saline wasteland. The groundwater depth in saline wasteland was lower than that in cultivated land. The groundwater salinity was less than 3.0 g·L-1 in cultivated land, which was brackish water. The groundwater salinity was about 8.5 g·L-1 in the central area of saline wasteland, which was severely saline water.The saline wasteland, distributing in the cultivated land gap, was the drainage area for cultivated land when the surface water drainage system was absent. |
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