| 马亚丽,许健,张芮,孙栋元,牛最荣.石羊河流域参考作物蒸散发时空变化及其对气候变化的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(1):95~103 |
| 石羊河流域参考作物蒸散发时空变化及其对气候变化的响应 |
| Spatiotemporal variation and response to climate change of reference crop evapotranspiration in Shiyang River Basin |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.01.11 |
| 中文关键词: 参考作物蒸散量 时空变化 气候变化 响应 石羊河流域 |
| 英文关键词:reference crop evapotranspiration temporal and spatial variation climate change response Shiyang River Basin |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51769001)；中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室开放课题(KLDD-2020-003)；甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院青年教师科技创新基金(SLXY-QN-2021-06) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于石羊河流域8个气象站点1984—2019年逐日气象资料，分析参考作物蒸散量（ET0）时空变化规律，多种定性与定量分析方法结合，揭示ET0变化与气象因素间的相关关系，确定主导气象要素，探明ET0变化对主导因子敏感程度及贡献。结果表明：石羊河流域ET0上升趋势显著，流域大部分区域达到0.05显著性水平；空间上呈现由南向北逐渐增大，高值区(1 148.89~1 246.91 mm)位于民勤县，低值区(775.30~864.07 mm)位于张掖市肃南裕固族自治县、武威市天祝藏族自治县一带；ET0四季变化排序为夏季(409.35 mm)>春季(303.36 mm)>秋季(184.84 mm)>冬季(85.6 mm)，除冬季外空间分布由南向北逐渐递增；聚类分析及灰色关联度分析结果显示日平均温度（T)、平均相对湿度（RH)、日照时间(n)、降水量(P)、风速(u)为5个关键气象因素，通径分析结果显示T是最主要因素，P作用忽略不计。ET0对气象因子T、n、u、RH变化的敏感性不同，RH是影响ET0变化最敏感因素，且T、n、u与ET0呈同向变化，RH与ET0呈反向变化，贡献率分别为13.61%、0.48%、2.34%、2.86%。石羊河流域ET0呈现增大趋势，是由于RH多年降低和T升高、n增加、u增大等共同作用，T升高是造成ET0增加的主要原因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on the daily data of eight meteorological stations in Shiyang River Basin from 1984 to 2019, the temporal and spatial variation of ET0 was analyzed. A number of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods were combined to examine the correlational relationship between ET0 and meteorological factors, determine the dominant meteorological elements, and explore the sensitivity and contribution of ET0 changes to the dominant factors. The results showed that the ET0 had been increased significantly in Shiyang River Basinand reached the significance level of 0.05 in most areas of the basin. In space, it gradually increased from south to north. The high value area(1 148.89~1 246.91 mm) was located in Minqin County, while the low value area(775.30~864.07 mm) was located in Sunan Yugur Autonomous County of Zhangye City and Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County of Wuwei City. The order of seasonal variation of ET0 was summer (409.35 mm)>spring(303.36 mm)>autumn(184.84 mm)>winter(85.6 mm). Except winter, spatial distribution gradually increased from south to north. The results of cluster analysis and grey relational analysis showed that T (average daily temperature), RH (average relative humidity), n (sunshine duration), P (precipitation) and u (wind speed)were the five key meteorological factors. Path analysis results showed that T was the most important factor,and the role of P could be ignored. ET0 had different sensitivity to meteorological factors. RH was the most sensitive factor affecting the change of ET0.The first three factors changed in the same direction with ET0, while RH changed in reverse direction.The contribution rates were 13.61%, 0.48%, 2.34% and 2.86%, respectively.ET0 in Shiyang River Basin showed an increasing trend, which was due to the joint action of decreasing RH and increasing T, n, and u over the years. The increase of T was the main reason for the increase of ET0. |
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