黄土丘陵区春小麦水分调控下植物—土壤碳氮磷化学计量学及其稳态性特征

谢明君; 李广; 闫丽娟; 袁建钰; 刘帅楠; 祁小平; 常海刚

谢明君,李广,闫丽娟,袁建钰,刘帅楠,祁小平,常海刚.黄土丘陵区春小麦水分调控下植物—土壤碳氮磷化学计量学及其稳态性特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(1):184~192

黄土丘陵区春小麦水分调控下植物—土壤碳氮磷化学计量学及其稳态性特征

Stoichiometry and steady\|state characteristics of plant\|soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus under water regulation of spring wheat in loess hilly region

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.01.21

中文关键词: 春小麦灌水量土壤有机碳全氮全磷化学计量比内稳态

英文关键词:spring wheat irrigation water soil organic carbon total nitrogen total phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics homeostasis

基金项目:甘肃省财政专项(GSCZZ-20160909)；甘肃省重点人才项目(LRYCZ-2020-1)；甘肃省重点研究发展计划项目(20YF8NA135)

作者	单位
谢明君	甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃兰州 730070
李广	甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃兰州 730070
闫丽娟	甘肃农业大学农学院，甘肃兰州 730070
袁建钰	甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃兰州 730070
刘帅楠	甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃兰州 730070
祁小平	甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃兰州 730070
常海刚	甘肃农业大学林学院，甘肃兰州 730070

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中文摘要:

为探究黄土丘陵区农田生态系统土壤养分限制及其循环规律，明确水分调控下春小麦叶片及根的内稳态特征,以5个灌水量处理（W₀、W₅₀、W₁₀₀、W₁₅₀、W₂₀₀）下春小麦成熟期叶片、根和0～40 cm土层土壤为研究对象，测定不同灌水处理下春小麦植株叶片、根、土壤有机碳（OC）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）含量及其化学计量比，揭示春小麦叶片和根随土壤养分变化的稳态性特征。结果表明：不同灌水处理下春小麦土壤OC、TN含量均具有表聚性特征，且在0～40 cm土层含量均随灌水量增加呈现出先增加后降低的趋势，表现出W₁₅₀灌水量处理最高（1.757 g·kg^-1、0.165 g·kg^-1），而土壤TP在不同土层及灌水处理下较为稳定，适当灌水（W₁₅₀）有助于提高作物根系OC含量，过度灌水（W₂₀₀）会降低其含量；春小麦土壤、根、叶片化学计量比均值表现为：C∶N（9.56、12.92、15.086），C∶P（11.68、79.66、151.625），N∶P（1.264、7.577、11.903），其中土壤C∶N值在不同土层及灌水处理下较为稳定，同时春小麦叶片C∶N、C∶P值分别低于全球平均值（16.27、595），春小麦N∶P值叶片（11.903）、根（7.577）均小于14（临界值）；春小麦与土壤C、N、P及其化学计量比的关系中，叶片、根均具有比较稳定的内稳性。综上所述，春小麦主要受N限制，选择合适灌水处理有助于土壤养分的存留，利于作物生态系统的有效恢复。

英文摘要:

To explore the soil nutrient limitation and its circulation in the farmland ecosystem and clarify the homeostasis characteristics of spring wheat, the leaves, roots and soil of 0~40 cm in the mature stage of spring wheat were studied under 5 irrigation treatments (W₀, W₅₀, W₁₀₀, W₁₅₀ and W₂₀₀) in loess hilly area. The contents and stoichiometric ratios of organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in spring wheat leaves, roots and soil under different irrigation treatments were measured to determine the steady\|state characteristics of spring wheat leaves and roots with soil nutrients.The results showed that: (1)The contents of OC and TN in spring wheat soil under different irrigation treatments had the characteristics of surface aggregation and in 0~40 cm soil layer. The content increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation amount, and W₁₅₀ irrigation amount was the highest （1.757 g·kg^-1, 0.165 g·kg^-1）. The soil TP was relatively stable under soil layer and irrigation treatment.Our research also showed the proper irrigation (W₁₅₀) was helpful to increase the nutrient content of OC in crop roots.However excessive irrigation (W₂₀₀) reduced the nutrient content. (2) The average stoichiometric ratios of soil, roots, and leaves were: C∶N (9.56, 12.92, 15.086), C∶P (11.68, 79.66, 151.625), N∶P (1.264, 7.577, 11.903). The soil C∶N value was relatively stable under the soil layer and irrigation treatment. The C∶N and C∶P values of spring wheat leaves were lower than the global average (16.27, 595). The N∶P values of spring wheat leaves (11.903) and roots (7.577) were both less than 14 （critical value）. (3) In the relationship between spring wheat and soil C, N, P and their stoichiometry, leaf and root had relatively stable internal stability.In conclusion, spring wheat plants were mainly limited by N, and the selection of appropriate irrigation treatment was conducive to the retention of crop soil nutrients and effective restoration of crop ecosystem.

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