| 黄金文,杨成存,韩凡香,包正育,柴守玺,程宏波,马建涛,黄彩霞,逄蕾,常磊.秸秆带状覆盖对旱地马铃薯叶片抗氧化特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(3):20~29 |
| 秸秆带状覆盖对旱地马铃薯叶片抗氧化特性的影响 |
| Effects of straw strip mulching on antioxidant properties of potato leaves in dryland |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.03.03 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆带状覆盖 地膜覆盖 叶片抗氧化 马铃薯 旱地 |
| 英文关键词:straw strip mulching plastic film mulching leaf oxidation resistance potato dryland |
| 基金项目:甘肃农业大学科技创新基金—青年导师扶持基金（GSAU-QDFC-2020-04）；国家自然科学基金项目（31760373，31960239）；兰州城市学院青年教师科研项目（LZCU-BS2019-14） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探究不同覆盖方式对旱地马铃薯叶片抗氧化能力和产量的影响，于2018—2020年在西北半干旱区设置了秸秆带状覆盖(SM)、黑膜大垄覆盖(PM)和露地无覆盖(CK)3种栽培处理，研究了不同覆盖条件下马铃薯叶片渗透调节物质、膜脂过氧化物含量、抗氧化酶活性和产量的差异。结果表明：SM处理显著提高马铃薯植株细胞清除自由基和过氧化氢的能力，维持了较高的渗透性，与CK相比，SM处理在全生育期平均显著降低丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)含量，分别降低14.4%、10.0%；平均显著提高可溶性糖(WSC)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性，分别提高17.1%、15.4%、22.5%和27.5%。与CK相比，PM处理在全生育期平均显著提高MDA、Pro、WSC含量和SOD、CAT活性，分别提高14.3%、38.6%、17.1%、15.2%和8.5%；平均显著降低POD活性17.1%。覆盖显著提高了马铃薯鲜薯产量，与CK相比，SM处理3年平均显著增产12.9%，PM处理3年平均显著增产29.2%。灰色关联度分析结果表明，SM处理产量与POD、SOD、CAT活性高度关联，关联度系数分别为0.5321、0.5556和0.5433，而PM处理产量仅与Pro含量高度关联，关联度系数为0.7090。可见，秸秆带状覆盖能增强马铃薯叶片抗氧化能力，提高抗氧化酶系统的活性，降低膜质过氧化水平，有效延缓马铃薯早衰，提高马铃薯产量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of different mulching methods on antioxidant capacity and yield of potato leaves in dryland, three cultivation treatments including straw strip mulching (SM), black film ridging mulching (PM) and open field no mulching (CK) were set up in the semi\|arid area of northwest China from 2018 to 2020.The differences of osmotic substances, membrane lipid peroxide content, antioxidant enzyme activity and yield in potato leaves under different mulching conditions were studied.The results showed that treatment with SM significantly improved the ability of scavenging free radicals and hydrogen peroxide and maintained a higher permeability.Compared with CK, treatment with SM significantly reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) by 14.4% and 10.0%, respectively, during the whole growth period.Soluble sugar content (WSC) , catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly increased by 17.1%, 15.4%, 22.5% and 27.5%, respectively.Compared with CK, PM treatment significantly increased MDA, Pro and WSC contents and SOD and CAT activities by 14.3%, 38.6%, 17.1%, 15.2% and 8.5% during the whole growth period, respectively.POD activity was significantly decreased by 17.1% on average.Compared with CK, the yield of fresh potato was significantly increased by 12.9% in SM treatment and 29.2% in PM treatment in 3 years.The results of grey correlation analysis showed that the yield of SM treatment was highly correlated with POD, SOD and CAT activities, and the correlation coefficient was 0.5321, 0.5556 and 0.5433, respectively.The yield of PM treatment was only highly correlated with Pro content, and the correlation coefficient was 0.7090. Therefore, straw strip mulching enhanced the antioxidant capacity of potato leaves, improved the activity of antioxidant enzyme system, reduced the level of membrane peroxidation, effectively delayed potato premature senescence and improved potato yield. |
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