| 余欣,童飞,詹妮,叶婷,王琴,叶辉,武立权,李娟.干旱-高温交叉胁迫对水稻幼苗光合特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(3):72~78 |
| 干旱-高温交叉胁迫对水稻幼苗光合特性的影响 |
| Effects of drought-heat cross stress on photosynthetic characteristics of rice seedlings |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.03.09 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻幼苗 干旱-高温交叉胁迫 光合特性 叶绿体 |
| 英文关键词:rice seedlings drought-heat cross stress photosynthetic characteristics chloroplast |
| 基金项目:安徽省教育厅项目（KJ2019A0213）；国家自然基金项目（31501245，32071946）;安徽农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202010364062，S202010364185，XJDC2020541） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1010 |
| 全文下载次数: 639 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 以水稻品种‘N22’为试材，设置水稻幼苗正常生长（CK）、单一高温处理（H）以及干旱-高温交叉处理（DH）的水培试验，测定其叶片叶绿素含量、光合参数及叶绿素荧光参数，观察表皮气孔和叶肉细胞形态、叶绿体结构。结果表明，与CK相比，H处理水稻幼苗的叶绿素a、b含量、净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）、蒸腾速率（Tr）和实际光能转化效率\[Y(Ⅱ)\]显著降低，下降的幅度分别为82.15%、66.82%、64.83%、8.23%、66.20%和27.51%。DH处理下水稻幼苗叶绿素a、b含量、Pn、Gs、Ci、Tr及Y(Ⅱ)与CK差异不显著，而显著高于H处理，分别是H处理下的4.35、2.67、3.20、1.17、3.46和1.23倍。干旱预处理的水稻幼苗，通过维持正常的叶绿素含量、稳定的叶肉细胞及叶绿体结构和适度的气孔开度，可在一定程度上缓解后期高温胁迫对水稻幼苗光合作用的不利影响，从而减小高温对水稻幼苗生长的伤害，提高了水稻幼苗的耐热性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rice ‘N22’ was used as the test variety, and the treatments included normal growth (CK) of the rice seedlings, a single heat stress (H), and drought-heat cross stress (DH) in hydroponic pot experiment, respectively. In this study, we measured chlorophyll content, photosynthetic physiological parameters and cfhlorophyll fluorescence parameters of rice seedlings leaves. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe epidermis stomatal morphology, mesophyll cell morphology and chloroplast ultra-structure. The results showed that comparing with CK, the contents of chlorophyll a and b, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) transpiration rate (Tr) and actual photochemistry quantum efficiency \[Y(Ⅱ)\] of rice seedlings were significantly reduced under H, and the decrease rates were 82.15%、66.82%、64.83%、8.23%、66.20% and 27.51%, respectively. The contents of chlorophyll a and b, Pn, Gs, Ci, Tr and Y(Ⅱ) in rice seedlings under DH were not significantly different from those under CK, but significantly higher than those under H, and DH was 4.35, 2.67, 3.20, 1.17, 3.46, and 1.23 times of H, respectively. By maintaining normal chlorophyll content, stable structure of mesophyll cell and chloroplast ultra-structure and moderate stomatal opening, the rice seedlings pretreated by drought alleviated the damage of later heat to photosynthesis ability of rice seedlings to a certain extent. Therefore, the damage of high temperature to rice seedlings growth was reduced and the heat resistance of rice seedlings was improved. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |