| 谭军利,马永鑫,王西娜,李淼,李存云.微咸水灌溉下滴头流量及灌水量对压砂土壤入渗及水盐分布的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(3):113~120 |
| 微咸水灌溉下滴头流量及灌水量对压砂土壤入渗及水盐分布的影响 |
| Effects of emitter discharge rate and water amount under brackish drip irrigation on water infiltration and distribution of soil moisture and salts with gravel-sand mulching |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.03.14 |
| 中文关键词: 微咸水 滴头流量 灌水量 压砂 水盐分布 |
| 英文关键词:brackish water, emitter discharge rate, irrigation amount, gravel-sand mulching, distribution of soil moisture and salt |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目（2020AAC03090）；国家自然科学基金项目（51309135，31860590）；宁夏高等学校一流学科建设（水利工程）项目（NXYLXK2021A03）；宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目（2019BEH03010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨滴头流量及灌水量对微咸水灌溉条件下覆砂土壤入渗规律及水盐分布的影响，开展室内土槽试验研究了微咸水灌溉下相同灌水量时3种滴头流量（0.85、1.70、3.40 L·h-1）及相同滴头流量下3种灌水量（5.88、6.60、10.00 L）对压砂土壤湿润锋迁移以及灌溉后土壤水盐分布特征，以期为压砂地合理利用微咸水提供理论依据。结果表明：滴头流量越大，湿润锋在水平和垂直方向上运移距离越大，湿润锋水平和垂直入渗距离与入渗时间存在幂函数关系。供试土壤在0.85 L·h-1和3.40 L·h-1滴头流量下湿润体稳定的垂直/水平的比值为1.1，而1.70 L·h-1滴头流量下其比值为0.9。覆砂条件下高含水率及低盐分区出现在距滴头较远的区域，并随着滴头流量增加逐渐向滴头靠近；随灌水量增加该区域范围不断扩大，土壤水分及盐分分布模式则越接近无覆砂条件模式。因此，砂层覆盖改变了微咸水滴灌条件下土壤水分、盐分的分布规律。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the effects of emitter discharge rate and irrigation amount on water infiltration and distribution pattern of soil moisture and salts with gravel-sand mulching under brackish drip irrigation, a series of indoor simulation experiments were carried out including treatments of 3 emitter discharge rates (0.85, 1.70， 3.40 L·h-1 with the same total irrigation amount) and 3 irrigation amounts of 5.88, 6.60， 10.00 L with emitter discharge rate of 3.40 L·h-1 in a soil box (length 38 cm, width 25 cm and height 70 cm). The soil box was filled with 55 cm depth of soil, and the soil surface was covered by 10 cm depth of the mixture of gravel and sand to simulate the gravel-sand mulched field. Results showed that the vertical and horizontal distance from the dripper increased with the increase of emitter discharge rate. The power function was well fitted the relationship between vertical and horizontal distance and the infiltration time. From the aspect of the vertical/horizontal ratio of the wetted body, the steady ratios of vertical/horizontal movement were 1.1 with discharge rate of dripper of 0.85 L·h-1 and 3.40 L·h-1while it was 0.9 with 1.70 L·h-1 under the tested soil.The high moisture content and low salt zone appeared in the region far away from the emitter, and gradually approached the dripper as the discharge rate increased. Meanwhile, the range of this zone continued to expand with the increase of irrigation amount and the distribution pattern of soil moisture and salt was closer to that of no gravel-sand mulching. Gravel-sand mulching changed the distribution characteristics of soil moisture and salt under brackish drip irrigation. |
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