| 吕梦凡,马向成,蔡铁,贾志宽.生物炭施用对冬麦田土壤水热环境及土壤呼吸的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(3):197~206 |
| 生物炭施用对冬麦田土壤水热环境及土壤呼吸的影响 |
| Effects of biochar application on soil hydrothermal environment and soil respiration in winter wheat field |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.03.24 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭 土壤呼吸 土壤水热 冬小麦 |
| 英文关键词:biochar soil respiration soil hydrothermal winter wheat |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41671226) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 921 |
| 全文下载次数: 509 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 探究施用生物炭对冬麦田土壤水热因子及土壤呼吸的影响，对生物炭在麦田应用及农田固碳减排有重要的实践意义。2018年10月至2021年6月在关中灌区连续3 a进行了麦田生物炭施用试验，试验设置生物炭施用量水平分别为：0 t·hm-2·a-1（C0）、10 t·hm-2·a-1（C10）、20 t·hm-2·a-1（C20），通过测定小麦生长季的土壤温度、土壤水分、土壤呼吸速率及产量，明确不同施炭量对冬小麦田土壤水热因子及土壤呼吸的影响。各处理生育期内土壤呼吸速率及全生育期CO2排放量存在显著性差异（P<0.05），均表现为C0>C20>C10。生物炭施入增加了生育期内的平均土壤温度，同时显著提高了0~20 cm土壤含水量（P<0.05），并减弱了土壤水分在生育期内的变化幅度。C10、C20处理3 a平均土壤含水量较C0分别增加了17.0%、29.0%。5 cm及10 cm土壤温度能分别解释土壤呼吸变化的54.7%~61.1%、57.1%~64.5%；但土壤呼吸与0~20 cm土壤含水量相关性不显著。整个研究周期内，温度敏感性（Q10）在3.25~3.71之间，同一土层的Q10值随着施炭量的增加而增加。与C0相比，C10和C20处理3 a小麦平均产量分别显著提高了7.1%和5.3%（P<0.05）。因此，施用生物炭可以提高关中地区冬小麦产量，降低土壤呼吸作用，调节水热因子，但增加了土壤呼吸的温度敏感性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| It is important to explore the impacts of biochar application on soil hydrothermal factors and soil respiration in winter wheat fields. Furthermore, it is practical for applying biochar in wheat fields tosequester carbon and reduce emission in farmland. A winter wheat field experiment with biochar application was conducted during 2018-2021 in Guanzhong Irrigation District, China. The biochar application levels were: 0 (C0), 10 (C10), and 20 t·hm-2·a-1 (C20). The soil temperature, moisture, respiration rate, and yield were measured during the wheat growing season to determine the effects of different amounts of biochar on soil hydrothermal factors and soil respiration in winter wheat fields. There were significant differences in the soil respiration rate and the cumulative CO2 emission during the growth period of each treatment (P<0.05), and both showed the same trend as C0>C20>C10. The biochar application increased the average soil temperature during the growth period. It significantly increased the 0~20 cm soil moisture content (P<0.05) and reduced the variation of soil moisture content during the growth period. The average soil moisture content of C10 and C20 treatments increased by 17.0% and 29.0% compared with C0 in three years.The 5cm and 10 cm soil temperatures explained 54.7%~61.1% and 57.1%~64.5% of soil respiration, respectively. However, the correlation between soil respiration and 0~20 cm soil moisture content was not significant. In this study, Q10 varied between 3.25~3.71, and it increased with the increase of the amount of biochar applied. The average yield of C10 and C20 wheat was significantly higher than that of C0 by 7.1% and 5.3%. The application of biochar increased winter wheat yield in Guanzhong Plain, reduced soil respiration and regulated hydrothermal factors. However, it increased the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |