| 郭家鑫,鲁晓宇,陶一凡,郭慧娟,侯振安,闵伟.盐碱胁迫对棉花生长和养分吸收的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(4):23~32 |
| 盐碱胁迫对棉花生长和养分吸收的影响 |
| Effects of saline and alkaline stresses on growth and nutrient uptake of cotton |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.04.03 |
| 中文关键词: 棉花 盐胁迫 碱胁迫 抗氧化酶 养分吸收 |
| 英文关键词:cotton saline stress alkaline stress antioxidant enzyme nutrient uptake |
| 基金项目:新疆生产建设兵团中青年科技创新领军人才计划（2020CB020）；农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室开放基金（XBLZ-20214） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 选取棉花品种鲁棉研24号为研究对象，探究盐胁迫（CS,NaCl含盐量为4.43 g·kg-1）和碱胁迫（AS,Na2CO3+NaHCO3质量比1∶1，含盐量为2.03 g·kg-1）对棉花生长、生理和养分吸收的影响。结果表明：盐碱胁迫显著抑制棉花生长，与CK相比，CS处理叶、茎、根的K/Na值分别降低86.4%、9.2%和75.0%，总生物量降低57.5%，叶片REC、MDA含量、SOD活性、POD活性、CAT活性和PRO含量分别增加74.2%、211.7%、118.9%、9.0%、134.0%和230.0%；AS处理叶、茎、根的K/Na值分别降低94.4%、91.7%和84.5%，总生物量降低58.8%，叶片REC、MDA含量、SOD活性、POD活性、CAT活性和PRO含量分别增加31.5%、208.3%、215.3%、12.4%、276.1%和264.2%;CS处理叶中Na含量提高 563.0%，N含量提高13.9%，P含量降低35.5%，K含量降低10.0%，Ca含量降低21.4%，Mg含量降低19.2%，S含量降低14.3%，Fe含量提高26.2%，Mn含量提高37.2%，Zn含量提高32.2%，Cu含量降低11.1%，B含量提高5.7%，Mo含量提高21.1%，Ni含量降低5.1%;AS处理叶中Na含量提高1 761.0%，N含量降低2.7%，P含量降低23.3%，K含量提高5.9%，Ca含量降低40.0%，Mg含量降低27.3%，S含量降低17.5%，Fe含量提高71.8%，Mn含量提高81.8%，Zn含量提高19.7%，Cu含量提高10.3%，B含量降低20.3%，Mo含量提高133.7%，Ni含量提高66.8%。棉花通过强化抗氧化酶系统和积累脯氨酸适应盐碱胁迫。盐胁迫下叶面喷施N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、B、Fe、Cu和Ni，碱胁迫下叶面喷施N、P、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Zn和B可以缓解盐碱胁迫对养分吸收带来的不利影响。[ |
| 英文摘要: |
| To examine the effects of saline alkali stress on nutrient uptake and transport of cotton and to provide reference for promoting cotton growth in saline alkali land through nutrient regulation, Luyanmian 24 was selected as the research object to analyze the effects of saline stress (CS, NaCl, salt content: 4.43 g·kg-1) and alkaline stress (AS, Na2CO3 + NaHCO3 mass ratio 1∶1, salt content: 2.03 g·kg-1) on cotton growth, physiology and nutrient uptake. The results showed that saline and alkaline stress significantly inhibited the growth of cotton. Compared with CK treatment, the K/Na value and total biomass of leaves, stems, and roots in CS treatment decreased by 86.4%, 9.2%, 75.0%, and 57.5% respectively, and the contents of REC, MDA, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, and PRO of leaves in CS treatment increased by 74.2%, 211.7%, 118.9%, 9.0%, 134.0%, and 230.0% respectively. The K/Na ratio and total biomass of leaves, stems, and roots decreased by 94.4%, 91.7%, 84.5%, and 58.8%. The contents of REC, MDA, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, and PRO of leaves in AS treatment increased by 31.5%, 208.3%, 215.3%, 12.4%, 276.1%, and 264.2% respectively. In CS treated leaves: Na content increased by 563.0%, N content increased by 13.9%, P content decreased by 35.5%, K content decreased by 10.0%, Ca content decreased by 21.4%, Mg content decreased by 19.2%, S content decreased by 14.3%, Fe content increased by 26.2%, Mn content increased by 37.2%, Zn content increased by 32.2%, Cu content decreased by 11.1%, B content increased by 5.7%, Mo content increased by 21.1% and Ni content decreased by 5.1%. In AS treated leaves: Na content increased by 1 761.0%, N content decreased by 2.7%, P content decreased by 23.3%, K content increased by 5.9%, Ca content decreased by 40.0%, Mg content decreased by 27.3%, S content decreased by 17.5%, Fe content increased by 71.8%, Mn content increased by 81.8%, Zn content increased by 19.7%, Cu content increased by 10.3%, B content decreased by 20.3%, Mo content increased by 133.7% and Ni content increased by 66.8%. Cotton adapted to saline and alkali stress by strengthening antioxidant enzyme system and accumulating proline. Foliar spraying of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Cu and Ni under salt stress and foliar spraying of N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn and B under alkali stress could alleviate the adverse effects of salt and alkali stress on nutrient absorption. |
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