| 王佳旭,朱凯,张志鹏,张旷野,柯福来.高粱花生间作对不同单行作物根系性状及土壤微生物的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(4):51~59 |
| 高粱花生间作对不同单行作物根系性状及土壤微生物的影响 |
| Effects of sorghum\|peanut intercropping on root traits and soil microorganisms of single\|row crops |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.04.06 |
| 中文关键词: 高粱花生间作 根系性状 土壤微生物 |
| 英文关键词:sorghum\|peanut intercropping root traits soil microorganism |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2019YFD1001700）;财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-06）;辽宁省农科院院长基金面上项目（2021MS0504）;辽宁省农业科学院农业绿色高质量发展科技创新项目（2021HQ1902）;辽宁省重点研发计划（2020JH2/10200014） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以高粱品种辽粘3号和花生品种阜花18号为材料，设置高粱单作（S）、花生单作（P）和高粱花生间作（行比4∶4）3个处理，研究高粱花生间作模式土壤微生物群落组成及结构特征差异。间作处理取样位置为相邻行和间隔行，高粱和花生分别命名为S1、S2和P1、P2。结果表明：相同种植面积时，间作高粱产量显著高于单作，间作高粱产量增加36.14%，间作花生产量较单作下降12.86%，高粱花生间作土地当量比提高12.0%；与单作相比，间作高粱S1根长、根体积、根表面积和根系活跃吸收面积分别增加28.01%、12.86%、18.53%和18.42%，间作花生P2分别增加39.87%、66.67%、47.94%和21.43%；高粱根际土壤微生物共检测到种群2 825个，花生2 826个；丰富度指数中，高粱间作处理Chao1值显著高于单作，S1和S2分别增加8.10%和8.23%，花生P2和P1分别增加7.70%和4.23%，高粱花生间作处理微生物数目（Observed OTUs）均显著高于单作；多样性指数中，花生P2的Shannon指数增加了27.60%，间作高粱S1和S2的Simposon指数均显著高于高粱单作；各处理共有优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria），同时优势菌门与根系性状间均存在显著正相关关系。主成分分析（PCA）和冗余分析（RDA）结果表明，土壤微生物群落结构受根长、根体积、根表面积影响，间作模式土壤微生物功能特征高于单作模式。高粱花生间作（行比4∶4）时高粱为优势作物，花生为弱势作物。间作体系显著改善高粱相邻行根系生长发育，同时提高土壤微生物群落功能特征。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The sorghum variety Liaonian No. 3 and peanut variety Fuhua 18 were used as test crops to study the differences in soil microbial community composition and structural characteristics under sorghum\|peanut intercropping mode with three treatments of single cropping sorghum, single cropping peanut and sorghum\|peanut intercropping (row ratio 4∶4). The single cropping sorghum and peanut were named S and P. The sampling positions of intercropping treatment were adjacent rows and interval rows, and sorghum and peanut were named S1 and S2 and P1 and P2. The result showed that the yield of intercropping sorghum was significantly higher than that of single cropping sorghum, and the peanut yield decreased under the same planting area. The yield of intercropping sorghum increased by 36.14%, and the yield of peanut decreased by 12.86%. The land equivalent ratio of sorghum\|peanut intercropping increased by 12.0 %. Compared with monoculture, the root length, root volume, root surface area and root active absorption area of S1 increased by 28.01%, 12.86%, 18.53% and 18.42%.These values increased by 39.87%, 66.67%, 47.94% and 21.43% in P2. A total of 2 825 microbial populations were detected in rhizosphere soil of sorghum population, and 2 826 were detected in peanut population. Chao1 value of sorghum intercropping was significantly higher than that of single cropping with S1 and S2 increased by 8.10 % and 8.23 % and P2 and P1 by 7.70% and 4.23%. The observed OTUs of sorghum\|peanut intercropping were significantly higher than those of single cropping. The Shannon index of peanut P2 increased by 27.60%. The Simposon index of intercropping sorghum S1 and S2 was significantly higher than that of single cropping sorghum. The common dominant phylum of each treatment was Proteobacteria, and there was a significant positive correlation between the dominant phylum and root traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the soil microbial community structure was affected by root length, root volume and root surface area. The soil microbial function characteristics were higher in the intercropping than that of the single cropping. When sorghum\|peanut intercropping (row ratio 4∶4), sorghum was the dominant crop and peanut was the weak crop. The intercropping system significantly improved the growth and development of the root system of adjacent rows of sorghum as well as the functional characteristics of the soil microbial community. |
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