| 常宏达,吕德生,王振华,朱艳,李海强,李诗莹.滴灌量和有机无机肥等氮配施对葡萄产量及品质的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(4):116~123 |
| 滴灌量和有机无机肥等氮配施对葡萄产量及品质的影响 |
| Effects of drip irrigation water amount and equal nitrogen applicating organic\|inorganic fertilizer ratios on grape yield and quality |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.04.13 |
| 中文关键词: 滴灌量 有机无机肥配施 葡萄 产量 品质 |
| 英文关键词:drip irrigation water amounts organic\|inorganic fertilizer application grape yield quality |
| 基金项目:新疆生产建设兵团节水灌溉试验计划项目( BTJSSY-202005) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探求新疆吐哈盆地极端干旱区不同灌水量和有机无机肥配施比例对葡萄灌溉水分利用效率（IWUE）、作物耗水量（ET）、产量及品质的影响，设置W1、W2、W3和W4四个灌水水平，灌水量分别为630、675、720、765 mm，以等氮配施为原则设置4个有机肥（OF）和无机肥（CF）配比处理，分别为F1（70%OF+30%CF）、F2（50%OF+50%CF）、F3（30%OF+70%CF）和对照CK（100%CF），采用完全组合设计，共16个处理。结果表明：各水肥处理对无核白葡萄IWUE有显著性影响，其中W3F2处理IWUE最大；葡萄耗水量随生育期的推进表现为先增后减再增再减，在浆果生长期达到最大；葡萄产量、单串重和百粒重随灌水水平增大呈先增大后减小的趋势，均在W3F2达到最大值，较对照处理分别提高24.25%~50.26%、25.26%~64.65%及47.76%~162.00%；各处理可溶性固形物、Vc和还原性糖含量较对照处理分别增加4.09%~25.95%、3.21%~27.80%及15.53%~40.59%，可滴定酸含量降低1.69%~22.96%，其中W4F2处理可溶性固形物及Vc含量最高，W3F2处理还原性糖含量最高。研究认为W3F2处理（灌溉定额720 mm、有机肥50%+无机肥50%）是较为合理的滴灌葡萄灌溉制度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the effects of different irrigation water amounts and organic\|inorganic fertilizer ratios on the irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE)，water consumption (ET), yield, and quality of grapes in the extreme arid area of the Turpan\|Hami Basin, Xinjiang, a field experiment with four irrigation levels of W1, W2, W3, and W4 corresponding to 630, 675, 720 mm and 765 mm, respectively was set up. Four organic fertilizer (OF) and inorganic fertilizer (CF) ratio treatments, corresponding to F1 (70% OF+30% CF), F2 (50% OF+50% CF), F3 (30% OF+70% CF) and control CK (100% CF) were used. The experiment adopted a complete combination design, with a total of 16 treatments. The study results showed that all water and fertilizer treatments had significant effects on the IWUE of “seedless white” grapes. Among them, the W3F2 treatment had the largest IWUE. The water consumption of grapes increased and then decreased, then increased and then decreased with the growth period, reaching the maximum during the berry growth period. The grape yield, single cluster weight, and 100-grain weight showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of irrigation water level. All values reached the maximum in W3F2, which were increased by 24.25%~50.26%, 25.26%~64.65%, and 47.76%~162.00%, respectively when comparing with the control treatment. Compared with the control treatment, the soluble solids, vitamin C, and reducing sugar content of each water and fertilizer treatment were increased by 4.09%~25.95%, 3.21%~27.80%, and 15.53%~40.59%, and the titratable acid content decreased by 1.69%~22.96%. Among them, W4F2 treatment had the highest soluble solids and vitamin C content, and W3F2 treatment had the highest content of reducing sugars. The findings from the study indicated that a reasonable drip irrigation grape irrigation system was the W3F2 treatment (irrigation quota 720 mm, organic fertilizer 50% + inorganic fertilizer 50%). |
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