| 郭爱科,武海霞,陶涛,宋福如,宋利强,宋聚强,王利书,程东娟.随机降雨对滨海盐碱土壤水分分布的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(4):168~176 |
| 随机降雨对滨海盐碱土壤水分分布的影响 |
| Effects of stochastic rainfall on water distribution in coastal saline\|alkali soil |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.04.19 |
| 中文关键词: 随机降雨 盐碱土 土壤含水率 降雨总量 HYDRUS-1D |
| 英文关键词:stochastic rainfall saline\|alkali soil soil water content total rainfall HYDRUS-1D |
| 基金项目:河北省自然科学基金面上项目（D2019402151，E2019402468）；河北工程大学创新基金博士专项项目；邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目（201422012330，19112012018）；山西省水利科学技术研究与推广项目（2022GM019） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用矩形脉冲模型随机模拟降雨过程，驱动HYDRUS模型分析土壤水分分布状况，应用析因设计方差分析方法量化降雨总量、降雨次数、极端降雨以及其时程分配特征对土壤含水率的影响。研究聚焦我国滨海平原盐碱地，以黄骅市为典型对象，定量分析3日逐小时降雨过程对不同深度土层（0~150 cm）土壤含水率的影响。结果表明：相较降雨过程的随机性而言，降雨对土壤含水率的影响因素降雨总量（A）>降雨次数（B）>极端降雨（C），且降雨总量与次数间二阶交互作用对土壤含水率影响显著（P<0.05）；降雨总量一定时，当降雨次数较低（10次），其平均降雨强度较大，相较于降雨次数较高（15、20次），活跃层土壤含水率增高2.74%~6.23%，而相对稳定层土壤含水率降低5.66%~15.63%；随机降雨与均匀降雨对浅层土壤含水率影响的差异较小，但随着土层深度的增大，两种降雨方式下土壤含水率的差异不断增大，当降雨总量为250 mm时，均匀降雨条件下的稳定层土壤含水率相较于随机降雨最大增幅达39.52%，且相比于均匀降雨过程，随机降雨在降雨总量较小（160 mm与200 mm）时可入渗至稳定层；相较降雨总量对土壤含水率的影响，HYDRUS模型参数土壤饱和含水率（θs）的不确定性对土壤含水率影响更大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study employed the Neyman\|Scott rectangular pulse model to simulate hourly rainfall with the restriction of total rainfall amount, rainfall frequency and extreme rainfall event. The HYDRUS model was performed to disclose the characteristics of soil water. Integrating aforementioned models, we presented a factorial ANOVA method to quantify impacts of total rainfall amount, rainfall frequency and extreme rainfall event on soil moisture movement. Compared with the randomness of rainfall process, the order of influencing factors of rainfall on soil moisture content was total rainfall (A) > rainfall frequency (B) > extreme rainfall (C), and the second\|order interaction between total rainfall and frequency had a significant impact on soil moisture content (P<0.05). When the total amount of rainfall was certain and the number of rainfalls was low (10), the average rainfall intensity was large. Compared with the higher number of rainfall (15 and 20 times), the surface soil moisture content increased by 2.74%~6.23%, while the soil moisture content in the relatively stable layer decreased by 5.66%~15.63%. The difference between random rainfall and uniform rainfall on shallow soil moisture content was relatively small, but with the increase of soil depth, the difference of soil moisture content was increasing under the two rainfall modes. While the total rainfall was 250 mm, the maximum increase of soil water content in the stable layer under the condition of uniform rainfall was 39.52% compared with the random rainfall. Compared with the uniform rainfall process, the random rainfall infiltrated into the stable layer when the total rainfall was small (160 mm and 200 mm). In addition, compared with the influence of total rainfall on soil moisture content, the uncertainty of saturated hydraulic conductivity (θs) of HYDRUS model parameter has a greater impact on soil moisture content. |
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