| 张英英,魏玉杰,吴之涛,杨宪忠.不同种植年限对特殊药材土壤化学性质和微生物多样性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(1):150~159 |
| 不同种植年限对特殊药材土壤化学性质和微生物多样性的影响 |
| Effects of different cropping years on soil chemical properties of special medicine source plant |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.01.18 |
| 中文关键词: 根际微生物 连作 高通量测序 土壤微生物群落 |
| 英文关键词:rhizosphere microorganism continuous cropping Illumina sequencing soil microbial community |
| 基金项目:财政部、农业农村部“国家中药材产业技术体系”（CARS-21）；甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目（20JR10RA483）；甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目（20JR5RA068） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以不同种植年限特殊药材根际土壤为材料，采用IlluminaNovaSeq高通量测序法和常规分析方法，分析了种植年限（0 a，1 a，4 a，24 a）对根际土壤化学性质及微生物群落多样性的影响。结果表明：连续种植24 a后，土壤电导率、硝态氮含量显著高于其他种植年限。特殊药材连作对土壤细菌α-多样性指数均无显著影响，但土壤细菌丰富度和多样性减少；连续种植24 a真菌α-多样性指数中ACE指数、Chao1指数显著高于种植1 a，真菌丰富度和多样性增加。细菌群落Proteobacteria（变形菌门）、Acidobacteria（酸杆菌门）、Actinobacteria（放线菌门）为优势菌门，Sphingomonas（鞘氨醇单胞菌属）、Xanthomonadaceae（黄单胞菌科）相对丰度随着种植年限增加呈明显上升趋势，未知菌属RB41、Lysobacter（溶杆菌属）相对丰度呈下降趋势。土壤真菌群落Mortierellomycota（被孢霉门）、Ascomycota（子囊菌门）、Basidiomycota（担子菌门）为优势菌门，Mortierella（被孢霉属）相对丰度随种植年限增加呈先增后降趋势，Fusarium（镰刀菌属）、Cladosporium（枝孢属）、Aspergillus（曲霉属）相对丰度均随种植年限增加呈先降后升趋势，连续种植24 a土壤Fusarium相对丰度高于种植1 a、4 a，Fusarium相对丰度增加是导致特殊药材连作障碍的重要原因。Basidiomycota（担子菌门）、Ascomycota（子囊菌门）、Chytridiomycota（壶菌门）、Mucoromycota（毛霉门）相对丰度与土壤电导率、硝态氮呈正相关，pH、硝态氮、电导率等理化性质改变是影响土壤微生物群落变化的重要因素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Illumina high throughput sequencing technology and conventional analysis method was employed to investigate soil bacterial and fungal communities, soil chemical properties in special medicine source plant with different cropping histories of 0, 1, 4, and 24 years. The results indicated that the electrical conductivity and nitrate nitrogen in the 24 years were significantly higher than those in other years. Soil fungi diversity analysis showed that the index of ACE and Chao1 in the 24 years soils were higher than those in 1 year and the richness and diversity of soil fungi increased. But it had no significant effects on soil bacterial α-diversity index, the richness and diversity of soil bacteria decreased. The predominant phyla of soil bacterial were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria in all soil samples. Sphingomonas and Xanthomonaceae showed an obvious upward trend with the increase of planting years, while RB41 and Lysobacter showed a downward trend. The predominant phyla in soil fungal were Mortierellomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota in all soil samples. The relative abundance of Mortierella increased first and then decreased. Fusarium，Cladosporium and Aspergillus decreased first and then increased with the planting years. The relative abundance of Fusarium for 24 years was higher than that for 1 and 4 years. The increase of Fusarium relative abundance was an important reason for the obstacle of continuous cropping. Redundancy analysis suggested that fungal Basidiomycota, Ascomycota, Chytridiomycota and Mucoromycota were evidently interrelated to electrical conductivity and soil nitrate nitrogen in the soils respectively. The changes of soil pH, nitrate nitrogen and electrical conductivity were important factors affecting the changes of soil microbial community under continuous cropping of special medicines source plant. |
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