| 姚宇恒,南丽丽,梁鹏飞,李景峰,马彪,夏静,张泽龙.不同种植年限红豆草根系生长及根际土壤真菌群落的分布特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(2):114~121 |
| 不同种植年限红豆草根系生长及根际土壤真菌群落的分布特征 |
| Distribution characteristics of rhizosphere soil fungal community and root growth in sainfoin field with different planting years |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.02.13 |
| 中文关键词: 红豆草 种植年限 根系形态 根际土壤 真菌群落 |
| 英文关键词:sainfoin planting years root morphology rhizosphere soil fungal community |
| 基金项目:甘肃省科技计划项目（22YF7NA112）；国家自然科学基金（32160327）；财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-34） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用大田试验，运用真菌ITS高通量测序技术，探究不同种植年限红豆草（1、2、3 a和4 a）根系生长及根际土壤真菌群落分布与演替特征，为荒漠灌区红豆草人工草地的可持续利用提供参考。结果表明，随红豆草种植年限延长，其根颈直径、根颈入土深度、侧根直径、主根直径、侧根数和根颈分枝数均显著增加，4 a生草地分别是1 a生草地的3.7、3.1、5.0、3.4、2.0倍和3.6倍；根系直径、根体积、根表面积、根尖数和根长均先增加后降低；根际土壤pH值和速效磷含量减小，速效钾、速效氮含量先升后降，过氧化氢酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和脱氢酶活性均显著增高，4 a生草地分别是1 a生草地的3.3、1.9、10.3倍和1.4倍；根际土壤真菌多样性（Shannon\|wiener和Simpson指数）、丰富度（Chao1和ACE指数）均先升后降；优势真菌门为子囊菌门、毛霉门、壶菌门和被孢霉门，其中子囊菌门的相对丰度显著增大，其余优势菌门的相对丰度均先增后降；优势菌属为Monographellahe和镰刀菌属，其中Monographella的相对丰度显著增加，镰刀菌属的相对丰度显著降低。冗余分析和Monte Carlo置换检验表明，速效磷是影响真菌群落结构的主要环境因子。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A field study was conducted to explore distribution and succession characteristics of sainfoin root growth and rhizosphere soil fungal communities in different planting years (1, 2, 3 a and 4 a) and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable use of sainfoin artificial grassland in arid desert oasis. Rhizosphere soil chemical properties and enzyme activities were analyzed while soil microbial DNA was extracted for PCR amplification and high throughput sequencing. Results showed that with the increase of planting years, crown diameter and depth, lateral and taproot diameters, numbers of lateral root and crown branches increased, and each index in four\|year sainfoin field was 3.7, 3.1, 5.0, 3.4, 2.0， 3.6 times than that of one\|year sainfoin field, respectively. The average root diameter, root volume, total root surface area, total root length, and root tip numbers increased first and then decreased. The pH and available phosphorus content reduced significantly, available potassium and available nitrogen contents decreased after an initial increase. The dehydrogenase, catalase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase activities increased significantly, and each index in four\|year sainfoin field was 3.3, 1.9, 10.3， 1.4 times than that of one\|year sainfoin field, respectively. The richness estimators of Ace and Chao1 and the diversity indices of Shannon and Simpson were activated first and then inhibited; Ascomycota, Mucoromycota, Chytridiomycota, and Mortierellomycota were the dominant fungal groups in sainfoin field, and the relative abundance of Ascomycota increased remarkably, whereas the relative abundance of other dominant fungi increased first and then decreased. The predominant taxa at the genus level were Monographellahe and Fusarium, and the relative abundance of Monographellahe increased significantly, while the relative abundance of Fusarium dropped significantly. Redundancy analysis and Monte Carlo permutation tests showed that available phosphorus content was the main factor affecting the soil fungal community structure. |
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