| 陈刚,程相涵,寇太记,夏东方,云望舒,宋振伟.夜间增温与铜污染对麦田土壤无机氮库的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(2):266~273 |
| 夜间增温与铜污染对麦田土壤无机氮库的影响 |
| Effects of nighttime warming and copper pollution on inorganic nitrogen pool in wheatland soil |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.02.29 |
| 中文关键词: 夜间增温 铜污染 麦田土壤 无机态氮库 Q10值 |
| 英文关键词:nighttime warming soil copper pollution wheatland soil inorganic nitrogen pool Q10 value |
| 基金项目:河南科技大学创新团队项目（2015TTD002）；国家自然科学基金（41601309） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于夜间增温（设增温、常温两个水平）与铜污染 \[设CK（6 mg·kg-1）、LP(43 mg·kg-1）、MP（155 mg·kg-1）、SP（209 mg·kg-1）4个梯度\] 复合因素的7 a旱地定位试验，结合室内20℃和30℃下恒温培养91 d，分析了麦田土壤硝态氮、铵态氮和无机态氮含量的变化及其稳定特征。研究结果表明：土壤硝态氮、铵态氮和无机态氮随着土壤中铜含量的增加均表现为先增后降趋势，夜间增温下CK土壤硝态氮和无机态氮含量分别显著降低10.8%和5.7%，在LP、MP处理下硝态氮含量分别显著下降17.4%、15.2%，但在SP处理下土壤硝态氮、铵态氮分别显著增加6.9%和15.1%，增温与铜含量对土壤无机态氮和硝态氮的影响呈现显著的交互效应。20℃和30℃恒温培养使无机态氮含量增加1.6~4.6倍、铵态氮含量增加5.2~13.3倍，却使硝态氮含量减少40.3%~65.1%，20℃比30℃恒温培养后土壤中有较高的无机态氮、铵态氮含量和铵/硝比。夜间增温使土壤净氮矿化作用、氨化作用的Q10值均有所提高，但硝化作用的Q10值显著降低16.8%，适当的铜含量（LP：43 mg·kg-1）将加快土壤氮的氨化、矿化和硝化速率。因此，夜间增温提高了旱地麦田土壤氮矿化作用温度敏感性，降低了无机态氮库稳定性，土壤铜污染与土壤氮库转化和增温响应的关系具有浓度效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Nighttime warming (2 levels, warming and no\|warming) and copper pollution \[four gradients, CK (6 mg·kg-1), LP (43 mg·kg-1), MP (155 mg·kg-1) and SP (209 mg·kg-1)\] dual\|factor positioning experiment in wheat field, combining with constant temperature culture (91 d, 20℃ and 30℃) indoors were carried out to analyze the changes and stability characteristics of soil nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen content. These results found that, a significant difference on nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in soil were observed by two\|factor interaction of warming and copper pollution. With increase of amount of copper applied in soil, soil nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen had the characteristics of first increase and then decrease. Nighttime warming led to a significant decrease in soil nitrate nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen by 10.8% and 5.7%, respectively. Nitrate nitrogen significantly decreased by 17.4% and 15.2% under LP and MP treatments, respectively, while SP resulted in a higher content of soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen by 6.9% and 15.1%, respectively. Constant temperature cultivation at 20℃ and 30℃ increased the content of inorganic nitrogen by 1.6~4.6 times and the content of ammonium nitrogen by 5.2~13.3 times but reduced the content of nitrate nitrogen by 40.3%~65.1%. Compared to the constant temperature culture at 30℃, the constant temperature culture at 20℃ promoted a larger content of inorganic nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen and a higher ratio of ammonium to nitrate in the soil. The nighttime warming, enhanced the Q10 value of soil nitrogen net mineralization and ammonification but decreased the Q10 value of nitrification by 16.8%, respectively. Suitable copper content (LP: 43 mg·kg-1) in soil accelerated the rate of ammonification, mineralization and nitrification of soil nitrogen. Our findings revealed that nighttime warming boosted the temperature sensitivity of soil nitrogen mineralization in dryland wheat field and reduced the stability of inorganic nitrogen pools. The relationship between soil copper pollution and soil nitrogen pool transformation and response to nighttime warming had a concentration effect. |
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