| 张杰琳,康鸳鸯,陈义勋,张站,连晶晶,孙欣琪,齐雁冰.近20年关中西部耕地秋季撂荒时空格局及其影响因素[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(3):229~237 |
| 近20年关中西部耕地秋季撂荒时空格局及其影响因素 |
| Spatio\|temporal patterns and factors influencing farmland abandonment in autumn in Western Guanzhong during the last 20 years |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.03.29 |
| 中文关键词: 耕地秋季撂荒 时空格局 Landsat影像 驱动机制 关中西部 |
| 英文关键词:farmland abandoned in autumn spatio\|temporal pattern Landsat images influencing factors western Guanzhong |
| 基金项目:国家级大学生创新训练计划项目（S202010712104）；国家自然科学基金项目（42277310） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 近年来关中西部冬小麦收获后耕地撂荒现象（简称秋季撂荒）日益严重。以凤翔、岐山、扶风三县为例，选取2000—2020年间9个年份春季和秋季各1期Landsat影像，运用CART决策树分类法提取9个年份秋季耕地撂荒的时空变化特征，并通过实地问卷调查探究其影响因素及驱动机制。结果表明：研究区秋季耕地撂荒主要分布在凤翔县西南部、岐山县中部以及三县北部临近山区的地带，凤翔县中部和扶风县中部秋季撂荒程度较轻；2000年以来研究区耕地秋季撂荒呈波动上升趋势，其中2000—2007年间撂荒面积逐步增加，2007—2013年间有所回落，2013—2020年间又迅速攀升，2020年撂荒范围最广，撂荒率达64.64%。近20 a研究区秋季撂荒地块由小规模零星分布逐渐转为大规模集中分布。灌溉条件是研究区秋季耕地撂荒的主要影响因素，且影响程度逐年上涨；经济区位、耕作半径和交通条件对撂荒率也有一定的影响，但影响程度逐年减小；耕地边际化是驱动研究区农户选择秋季撂荒的根本原因，劳动力短缺是研究区秋季撂荒的主要原因，灌溉缺乏、积温不足和耕地细碎化等农业生产条件不足是研究区秋季撂荒的直接原因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In recent years, the abandonment of arable land after the harvest of winter wheat in the central and western regions of China (abbreviated as autumn abandonment) has become increasingly serious. Taking Fengxiang, Qishan and Fufeng counties as examples, this study selected one Landsat image in spring and autumn for nine years during 2000-2020 and used CART decision tree classification method to extract the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of cultivated land abandonment in autumn for selected nine years. A field questionnaire survey was conducted to explore its influencing factors and driving mechanisms. The results showed that the autumn cultivated land abandonment in the study area was mainly distributed in the southwest of Fengxiang County, the central part of Qishan County, and the area near the mountains in the north of the three counties. Since 2000, the fall abandonment of cultivated land in the study area had shown a fluctuating upward trend. The abandoned area gradually increased during 2000-2007, declined during 2007-2013, and rose rapidly during 2013-2020. In 2020, the area of abandonment was the widest, and the abandonment rate reached 64.64%. In the past 20 years, the autumn abandoned plots in the study area had gradually changed from a small\|scale sporadic distribution to a large\|scale concentrated distribution. Irrigation conditions were the main factors influencing autumn cultivated land abandonment in the study area, and the degree of influence increased year by year. Economic location, farming radius and traffic conditions also had a certain influence on the abandonment rate, but the degree of influence decreased year by year. The marginalization of arable land was the fundamental reason why farmers chose autumn abandonment in the study area. The shortage of labor was the main reason for abandonment in autumn in the study area. The lack of irrigation, insufficient accumulated temperature, and fragmentation of cultivated land were the direct causes of autumn abandonment in the study area. |
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