| 夏利恒,申江龙,孙语彤,刘京.县域耕地土壤养分时空变异特征研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(3):238~247 |
| 县域耕地土壤养分时空变异特征研究 |
| Characteristics of spatial and temporal variability of soil nutrients in cropland of Baishui County |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.03.30 |
| 中文关键词: 耕地 土壤养分 重心模型 时空变异 |
| 英文关键词:cropland soil nutrients center of gravity model spatio\|temporal variation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42071240）；陕西省土地工程地建集团公司内部科研项目（DJNY2022-36） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 土壤养分空间变异研究是精准农业实施的前提，对提高粮食作物单位面积产量和保护农业生态环境具有重要作用。为掌握陕西渭北旱塬区土壤养分时空变异规律，综合空间自相关和重心模型，分析1980—2007年、2007—2017年白水县耕地土壤有机质（SOM）、速效磷（AP）和速效钾（AK）的时空变异特征。结果表明：（1）研究区土壤SOM的平均含量分别增加了1.29、3.22 g·kg-1，AP的平均含量分别增加了6.89、24.45 mg·kg-1，仅有AK的平均含量呈现出先减少后增加的趋势。（2）三期耕地土壤养分的变异系数范围为30.2%～90.8%，属于中等变异。1980—2017年，耕地土壤SOM、AP和AK的全局Moran’s I指数均降低，空间结构性减弱，随机因素作用增强。（3）土壤SOM、AP和AK含量均有不同程度的增加，土壤SOM含量总体呈北低南高分布，土壤AP、AK含量分布情况较为一致，呈东高西低。（4）土壤SOM含量重心在东南方向发生偏移，AP、AK含量重心在东北方向发生偏移。土壤养分标准差椭圆空间分布格局同研究区分布方向一致，转角呈现“增加-减少”的变化规律，椭圆面积减少，养分空间分布趋于集中。该研究探明了白水县土壤养分的空间分布情况与养分重心迁移方向，为合理规划和利用土地资源与土壤养分管理提供依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Study of spatial variability of soil nutrients is very important for improving the yield per unit area of food crops and protecting the agroecological environment and is a prerequisite for the implementation of precision agriculture. To understand the spatial and temporal variability of soil nutrients in the northern Weibei Plateau region of Shaanxi, the spatial autocorrelation and center of gravity models were integrated to analyze the spatial and temporal variability characteristics of soil organic matter (SOM), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) in cultivated land in Baishui County from 1980 to 2007 and 2007 to 2017. The results showed that the average contents of soil SOM in the study area increased by 1.29 g·kg-1 and 3.22 g·kg-1, respectively, and the average contents of AP increased by 6.89 mg·kg-1 and 24.45 mg·kg-1, respectively, while only the average contents of AK had a trend of the first decrease and then increase. The coefficients of variation of soil nutrients in arable land in all three periods ranged from 30.2% to 90.8%, which was moderate variation. The global Moran’s I indices of soil SOM, AP, and AK in arable land decreased from 1980 to 2017, with a weakening spatial structure and an increase in the role of stochastic factors. Soil SOM, AP, and AK content all increased to different degrees, and soil SOM content generally showed a low north\|south high distribution, while the distribution of soil AP and AK content was more consistent, having a high east\|west low distribution. The center of gravity of SOM generally shifted in the southeast direction, and the center of gravity of AP and AK generally shifted in the northeast direction. The spatial distribution pattern of the soil nutrient standard deviation ellipse was consistent with the distribution direction of the study area, and the turning angle showed an increasing\|decreasing change pattern, with the ellipse area decreasing and the spatial distribution of nutrients tending to be concentrated. In summary, this study has identified the spatial distribution of soil nutrients and the direction of nutrient gravity shift, providing a basis for rational planning and use of land resources and soil nutrient management. |
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