| 王晓琴,郭小强,何家暾,年志娟,郭婷婷,曾秀存,张芬琴.不同光质的光周期对青蒜苗生长、光合特性及蔗糖合酶活性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(4):151~158 |
| 不同光质的光周期对青蒜苗生长、光合特性及蔗糖合酶活性的影响 |
| Effects of photoperiod of different light quality on growth, photosynthetic characteristics, and sucrose phosphate synthase activity of garlic seedlings |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.04.16 |
| 中文关键词: 青蒜苗 光周期 光质 生长特性 光合生理 |
| 英文关键词:garlic seedlings photoperiod light quality growth characteristics photosynthetic physiology |
| 基金项目:国家级“大学生创新创业训练计划”项目(202010740004，202210740067) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为寻找适宜青蒜苗生长的光环境，以民乐紫皮大蒜为培养材料，设置短光照（12 h光照/12 h黑暗）和长光照（18 h光照/6 h黑暗）2种光周期，每种光照期分别设置白光、白光+红光、白光+蓝光、白光+红蓝混光4种光质，共8个光周期组合：12 h白光/12 h黑暗（12W/12D）、6 h白光+6 h红光/12 h黑暗（6W+6R/12D）、6 h白光+6 h蓝光/12 h黑暗（6W+6B/12D）、6 h白光+6 h（红光+蓝光）/12 h 黑暗（6W+6（R+B）/12D）和18 h白光/6 h黑暗（18W/6D）、6 h白光+12 h红光/6 h黑暗（6W+12R/6D）、6 h白光+12 h蓝光/6 h黑暗（6W+12B/6D）、6 h白光+12 h红蓝混光/6 h黑暗（6W+12(R+B)/6D）,测定其对青蒜苗生长和光合特性及蔗糖磷酸合酶（SPS）活性的影响。结果表明：（1）与短光照光周期相比，长光照光周期处理的青蒜苗叶长、假茎长和Ci分别降低17.66%、16.38%和20.38%（P<0.05），其中18W/6D处理降低最多，降幅分别为25.88%、27.12%和35.25%；长光照光周期处理的叶宽增加11.19%（P<0.05），但光质及其组合对叶宽无显著影响（P>0.05）；长光照光周期处理的假茎叶鲜质量、叶绿素相对含量（SPAD值）、叶绿素最小荧光强度（Fo）、PSⅡ的最大量子产额（Fv/Fm）、潜在光化学效率（Fv/Fo）、净光合速率（Pn）和SPS活性分别显著增加20.70%、8.55%、11.27%、8.64%、7.91%、118.07%和43.65%（P<0.05），其中6W+12(R+B)/6D处理增幅最大（P<0.05），分别增加40.37%、19.16%、19.32%、19.75%、26.37%、192.90%和84.04%。（2）与纯白光照光周期相比，其他各光周期均显著提升叶片Gs和Rubisco活性（P<0.05），其中6W+12(R+B)/6D提升幅度最大，分别较12W/12D提高96.56%和230.56%，较18W/6D提高94.54%和221.62%。（3）与12W/12D相比，其他各光周期处理假茎粗显著增加（P<0.05），为12W/12D的1.17倍，但各光周期间无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上，长光照会抑制青蒜苗假茎和叶伸长生长，但促进假茎的加粗生长，使蒜苗的鲜质量增加；蓝光和红光对青蒜苗生长、叶片光合特性以及与光合产物形成和转运相关的Rubisco和SPS有显著促进作用；蓝光和红光混合有增效作用，较长时间混合光照增效作用更明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To find a suitablelight environment for growth of garlic shoots, the photoperiods with short lighting of 12 hours and long light of 18 hours were used to study their effects on growth, photosynthetic characteristics and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity of garlic seedlings. Under each short hours and long hours group, there were 4 different light quality treatments of white, blue, red and dark and their combinations: 12 hours LED white light/12 hours dark (12W/12D), 6 hours LED white light+6 hours LED red light/12 hours dark (6W+6R/12D), 6 hours LED white light +6 hours LED blue light/12 hours dark (6W+6B/12D), 6 hours LED white light+6 hours (LED red light+LED blue light)/12 hours dark (6W+6 (R+B)/12D) , 18 hours LED white light/6 hours dark (18W/6D), 6 hours LED white light+12 hours LED red light/6 hours dark (6W+12R/6D), 6 hours LED white light+12 hours LED blue light/6 hours dark (6W+12B/6D), and 6 hours LED white light+12 hours (LED red light+LED blue light)/6 hours dark (6W+12 (R+B)/6D). (1) Compared with shorter lighting photoperiod, longer lighting photoperiod reduced leaf length, pseudostem lenfgth and Ci by 17.66%, 16.38% and 20.38%, respectively (P<0.05), and 18W/6D reduced them by 25.88%, 27.12% and 35.25%, respectively.On the contrary, longer lighting photoperiod significantly increased leaf width by 11.19% (P<0.05), but it was independent of light quality. Longer light photoperiod also increased the value of the fresh weight of pseudostem and leaves, chlorophyll content (SPAD), chlorophyll minimum fluorescence intensity (Fo), maximum yield of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm), potential photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fo), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity by 20.70%, 8.55%, 11.27%, 8.64%, 7.91%, 118.07% and 43.65%, respectively (P<0.05). Of which 6W+12(R+B)/6D had the largest increase (P<0.05), increasing 40.37%, 19.16%, 19.32%, 19.75%, 26.37%, 192.90% and 84.04%, respectively. (2) Compared with pure white lighting photoperiod, other photoperiods significantly increased Gs value and the activities of and Rubisco in leaves (P<0.05), and 6W+12 (R+B) /6D had the greatest increase. Compared with 12W/12D, 6W+12 (R+B) /6D increased Gs value and the activities of Rubisco by 96.56% and 230.56%, respectively. Compared with 18W/6D, 6W+12 (R+B) /6D increased Gs value and the activities of Rubisco by 94.54% and 221.62%, respectively. (3) Compared with 12W/12D, other photoperiods significantly increased pseudostem diameter (P<0.05), and the mean value was 1.17 times that of 12W/12D, but there was no significant difference among photoperiods (P>0.05). These results indicated that long light irradiation inhibited the growth of pseudostem and leaf, [JP2]but promoted the growth of stem thickening and increased the fresh weight of pseudostem and leaves. Blue and red light significantly promoted the growth, photosynthetic characteristics of leaves, and Rubisco and SPS related formation and transport of photosynthate. The combination of blue and red light had synergistic effect. The synergistic effect of longer blue and red lighting was more noticeable. |
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