| 虞佳陆,张景,张敏,于瑞德.基于标准化前期降水蒸散指数的新疆干旱时空演变特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(4):275~288 |
| 基于标准化前期降水蒸散指数的新疆干旱时空演变特征 |
| SAPEI-Based spatial and temporal variation characteristics of drought in Xinjiang |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.04.29 |
| 中文关键词: 标准化前期降水蒸散指数 干旱 时空演变特征 新疆 |
| 英文关键词:SAPEI drought spatial and temporal variation characteristics Xinjiang |
| 基金项目:中国科学院BR计划青年项目(2021000088)；国家自然科学基金(12101598) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 标准化前期降水蒸散指数(Standardized antecedent precipitation evapotranspiration index, SAPEI)是一种新的日尺度干旱指数，相对标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)而言，它不仅考虑当日的降水和蒸散情况，还考虑了早期水分平衡对当天干湿条件的影响，在描述和监测干旱方面更为稳健。本文根据新疆地区42个气象站2000—2019年气象要素数据计算SAPEI，利用线性趋势、M-K检验和反距离插值等方法，研究了21世纪以来新疆地区SAPEI时空变化特征，并基于SAPEI的分区和分代际比较分析了新疆地区干旱强度的时空变化，进而对新疆干旱发生的区域性和广泛程度的四季变化以及不同干旱等级发生频率的空间分布格局进行了探讨。结果表明：新疆气候整体呈湿润化，近年来干湿差异扩大，空间上存在部分相对湿润地区显著变干的现象；新疆春季变干，夏、秋、冬季变湿，夏冬两季在时间和空间上的干湿变化差异截然相反；20年来全疆和分区的干旱强度均显著降低，空间上东北部高、中部和西南部低；新疆干旱范围呈缩减趋势，近年来存在干旱等级提升风险，春季干旱范围扩大；新疆不同干旱等级的发生频率存在空间差异，北疆南部、东北部和西北部分别多发轻旱、中旱和重旱，南疆主要为中旱和轻旱，东疆西部多为轻旱，而东疆东部则主要为重旱。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Standardized antecedent precipitation evapotranspiration index (SAPEI) is a new daily scale drought index and has exhibited more robust ability in describing and monitoring drought. Comparing with SPEI, SAPEI not only considers the balance of precipitation and evapotranspiration, but also the effect of moisture condition from the previous period to the current day. This paper discusses the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of drought in Xinjiang based on SAPEI based on meteorological data of 42 meteorological stations from 2000-2019, using linear trend, M-K test and inverse distance interpolation. In particular, this study first analyzes the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of SAPEI in Xinjiang since the 21st century. Further, the drought intensity is examined by zoning and intergeneration based on SAPEI. In addition, the regional and extensive seasonal variation of drought occurrence in Xinjiang and the spatial distribution of the frequency of different drought classes are investigated. The results show that Xinjiang becomes wet overall, and the wet and dry differences have widened in recent years, with some relatively wet areas becoming significantly drier spatially. Xinjiang becomes dry in spring and wet in summer, autumn and winter, with diametrically opposite differences between wet and dry changes in time and space between summer and winter. The drought intensity has significantly reduced in whole Xinjiang and sub\|regions over the past 20 years, with high intensity in the northeast and low intensity in the central and southwest. The range of drought in Xinjiang is narrowing down, but the level of drought has increased in recent years. Moreover, the range of spring drought is expanding. In addition, the frequency of different drought classes in Xinjiang is spatially distinct. The southern, northeastern, and northwestern parts of Northern Xinjiang suffer mild, moderate and severe drought, respectively, while Southern Xinjiang mainly suffers moderate and mild drought. Besides, the level of drought in the western part of Eastern Xinjiang is mainly mild, while the level in the eastern part of Eastern Xinjiang is mainly severe. |
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