华溢,陆彦玮,李敏,韦昊延,王建龙,庞薛清秋,司炳成.苹果树种植对黄土旱塬土壤蒸发的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(5):51~58
苹果树种植对黄土旱塬土壤蒸发的影响
Effects of apple tree planting on soil evaporation in the Loess Tableland
  
DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.05.06
中文关键词:  苹果园  树龄  土壤蒸发  氢氧稳定同位素  黄土旱塬
英文关键词:apple orchard  tree age  soil evaporation  hydrogen and oxygen isotopes  Loess Tableland
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900700);国家自然科学基金(42107068, 41877017)
作者单位
华溢 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室陕西 杨凌 712100 
陆彦玮 长安大学水利与环境学院旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室陕西 西安 710054 
李敏 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室陕西 杨凌 712100 
韦昊延 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室陕西 杨凌 712100 
王建龙 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室陕西 杨凌 712100 
庞薛清秋 长安大学水利与环境学院旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室陕西 西安 710054 
司炳成 鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院山东 烟台 264025 
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中文摘要:
      以陕西长武旱塬为例,分别对研究区农地和5个不同林龄(9、12、16、19 a和23 a)苹果园的土壤剖面氢氧稳定同位素进行测定,利用Craig-Gordon模型定量估算其土壤平均蒸发量,并基于“空间换时间”方法分析果园种植及生长对土壤蒸发的影响。结果表明:农地及9、12、16、19、23 a林龄苹果园的土壤蒸发量均随苹果树的种植及生长呈现先减少再增大的趋势,年均蒸发量分别为129、104、89、119、128、136 mm;苹果园的土壤蒸发量变化与叶面积指数呈显著负相关(R=-0.713);苹果园种植的前中期(9~12 a)土壤蒸发量随叶面积指数增加逐渐减小,而在中后期(12~23 a)深层土壤水被大量消耗造成的干旱胁迫使得果树叶面积减少,从而导致林下土壤蒸发量又逐渐增大。
英文摘要:
      The purpose of this study was to investigate the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in soil profiles of agricultural land and apple orchards of different stand ages (9, 12, 16,19 a and 23 a) in the Changwu Tableland of Shaanxi Province. Craig-Gordon model was used to quantitatively estimate soil evaporation, and thespace\|for\|time method was used to calculate soil evaporation. The influence of planting and growing of local orchard on soil evaporation was analyzed. The results showed that, the average annual soil evaporation of farmland and 9, 12, 16, 19 a and 23 a apple orchards were 129,104,89,119,128 mm and 136 mm, respectively. The change of soil evaporation in apple orchards was significantly negatively correlated with the leaf area index (R=-0.71). The soil evaporation in the early and middle stages (9~12 years)of apple orchard planting gradually decreased with the increase of leaf area index, while the drought stress caused by the large consumption of soil water in the middle and deep stages of the middle and late stages(12~23 years) forced the leaf area of fruit trees to decrease, resulting in the gradual increase of soil evaporation under the forest.
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