| 季元祖,张德,赵军营,赵通,张广忠,张露荷.花椒抗旱性研究进展[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023,(5):302~310 |
| 花椒抗旱性研究进展 |
| Research progress on drought stress response of Chinese prickly ash |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2023.05.32 |
| 中文关键词: 花椒 抗旱表型 抗旱生理 抗旱基因工程 抗旱性评价 |
| 英文关键词:Chinese prickly ash drought resistance phenotype drought resistance physiology drought resistance genetic engineering drought resistance evaluation |
| 基金项目:甘肃省花椒集约化栽培关键技术研究与示范（LCKJCX2022001）；甘肃省木本油料工程研究中心创新能力提升项目（甘财建2021202号） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 589 |
| 全文下载次数: 712 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 花椒是我国重要的油料和经济作物，在干旱半干旱地区分布较广。近年来，随着全球气候变暖的加剧，水资源短缺的形势更加严峻，干旱已成为影响花椒生产的主要环境因子。本文从花椒生长形态特征、生理生化变化和抗旱分子机制3个方面阐述了花椒抗旱性的国内外研究现状，并分析了花椒抗旱性评价的方法。结果表明：花椒主要通过根、茎、叶特征的变化实现形态上的抗旱；通过保持较高的光合色素含量和调整气孔开度维持较高的光合效率、积累较多的渗透物质以增强叶片保水能力和细胞的渗透调节性能，保持较高的抗氧化酶活性减轻活性氧对细胞的伤害来提高其生理上的抗旱性；长链非编码RNA（Incrna）和ZbWRKY转录因子在花椒的抗旱过程中发挥了重要作用，其通过调控代谢途径、合成代谢物和产生植物激素应对干旱胁迫。隶属函数法、主成分分析法、聚类分析法、灰色关联度分析法可作为花椒抗旱性评价的主要方法。今后应继续加强花椒抗旱生理研究，并建立系统的抗旱性鉴定评价体系，以期为花椒抗逆性研究提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Chinese prickly ash is an important oil plant and cash crop in China, which is widely distributed in arid and semi\|arid areas. In recent years, with the intensification of global warming, the situation of water shortage has become more severe, and drought has become the main environmental factor affecting the production of Chinese prickly ash. In this paper, the research status of drought resistance of Chinese prickly ash was reviewed from three aspects of growth morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical changes, and drought resistance molecular mechanisms. The methods for evaluating drought resistance of Chinese prickly ash were analyzed. The results showed that Chinese prickly ash achieved morphological drought resistance mainly through changes in root, stem, and leaf characteristics. The physiological drought resistance were improved by maintaining a high photosynthetic pigment content and adjusting the stomatal opening to maintain a high photosynthetic efficiency, accumulating more osmotic substances to enhance the water holding capacity of leaves and the osmotic adjustment performance of cells, and maintaining a high antioxidant enzyme activity to reduce the damage of reactive oxygen species to cells. Long chain non\|coding RNA (IncRNA) and ZbWRKY transcription factors played an important role in the drought resistance process of Chinese prickly ash, which responded to drought stress by regulating metabolic pathways, synthesizing metabolites and producing plant hormones. The membership function method, principal component analysis method, cluster analysis method, and grey correlation analysis method were used as the main methods for evaluating the drought resistance of Chinese prickly ash. In the future, it is necessary to continue to strengthen the physiological research on drought resistance of Chinese prickly ash and establish a systematic identification and evaluation system for drought resistance. At the same time, multiple omics methods should be used to cultivate excellent drought resistant varieties to provide reference for the study of stress resistance of Chinese prickly ash. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |