| 张丹,陈垣,郭凤霞,梁伟,赵小强,景岩,樊睿.贯叶金丝桃（Hypericum perforatum）种子灌浆与发芽特性研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(2):9~16 |
| 贯叶金丝桃（Hypericum perforatum）种子灌浆与发芽特性研究 |
| Study on seed filling and germination characteristics of Hypericum perforatum |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.02.02 |
| 中文关键词: 贯叶金丝桃 种子灌浆 发芽特性 采收期 Logistic模型 |
| 英文关键词:Hypericum perforatum seed filling germination characteristics harvest period Logistic model |
| 基金项目:甘肃省高校研究生“创新之星”项目（2023CXZX-683）；校企合作企业项目“贯叶金丝桃新品种选育”（KHZZZZ20210730056/2021620005001562）；甘肃省现代农业中药材产业体系首席专家项目（GARS-ZYC-1） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 贯叶金丝桃（Hypericum perforatum）是抗抑郁中药的基原植物，以有性繁殖为主，种子微小。为了揭示贯叶金丝桃种子发育规律，明确种子适宜采收期，以甘肃礼县栽培的2年生贯叶金丝桃为研究对象，于开花后第5天开始，每隔3 d测定种子粒重变化动态，并拟合Logistic曲线方程，最后测定各时期采收种子的发芽指标。结果表明：贯叶金丝桃种子灌浆持续期44 d，籽粒干质量变化符合Logistic生长曲线：开花后第5～11天为渐增期，第11～32天为快增期，第32～44天进入稳增期后略有下降。在灌浆过程中，种子鲜质量呈先升高后下降的动态变化趋势，在花后第32天达到最大值0.2697 g；灌浆速率和脱水速率呈波动趋势，种子干质量与平均灌浆速率、灌浆持续期呈极显著正相关，与含水量呈极显著负相关。种子发芽率和发芽指数在开花后44天达到最大，发芽势在开花后41天达到最大，发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均与灌浆持续期呈极显著正相关，与含水量呈极显著负相关。以上说明甘肃礼县贯叶金丝桃繁种时以开花后44天左右（8月9日前后）为种子采收适宜期，过早采收和延迟采收均影响种子发芽质量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Hypericum perforatum is the base plant of antidepressant traditional Chinese medicine, which is mainly sexually propagated and has small seeds. To reveal the development patterns and the optimum harvest time of the seeds, the 2-year-old H. perforatum cultivated in Li County of Gansu Province was used as the research material, starting from the 5th day after flowering. The dynamic changes in seed weight were measured every 3 days, and the Logistic curve equation was fitted to predict the filling parameters. Finally, the seed germination indicators collected at each stage were measured. The results showed that the plant filling duration was 44 days, and the changes of seed dry mass followed the Logistic curve: the 5th to 11th day after flowering was a gradual increase period, the 11th to 32nd day was a rapid increase period, and after entering a stable increase period from 32nd to 44th day, it slightly decreased. During the filling process, the fresh mass of seeds showed a dynamic change, first increasing and then decreasing, reaching its maximum value of 0.2697 g on the 32nd day after flowering. The filling rate and dehydration rate showed a fluctuating trend. The dry mass of seeds showed a highly significant positive correlation with the average filling rate and filling duration, while a highly significant negative correlation with water content. The seed germination rate and germination index reached their maximum at 44 days and the germination potential reached its maximum at 41 days after flowering. The germination rate, germination potential, and germination index were highly significantly positively correlated with the filling duration, and highly significantly negatively correlated with water content. The above indicated that the optimum seed harvesting time was 44 days or so after flowering (around Aug. 9th) in Li County, Gansu Province. Premature and delayed harvesting both affect seed germination quality. |
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