| 侯森,秦慧彬,李萌,王海岗,穆志新.山西44份谷子地方品种农艺性状与芽期耐旱性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(2):26~32 |
| 山西44份谷子地方品种农艺性状与芽期耐旱性评价 |
| Identification of agronomic traits and drought tolerance at germination stage of 44 local foxtail millet varieties from Shanxi Province |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.02.04 |
| 中文关键词: 谷子 农艺性状 耐旱性 芽期 山西地方品种 |
| 英文关键词:foxtail millet agronomic traits drought tolerance germination stage Shanxi local varieties |
| 基金项目:山西农业大学博士科研启动项目（2021BQ118）；山西省博士毕业生来晋工作科研项目（SXBYKY2022075）；山西谷子种业创新良种联合攻关项目（2022XCZX04-6）；国家作物种质资源库山西分库运行服务项目（NCGRC-2022-026） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对山西不同地区的44份谷子地方品种（系）进行了田间农艺性状调查、品质鉴定，调查了不同遗传背景谷子材料的叶鞘色、幼苗叶色、主茎长度、主茎直径、主茎节数、主穗长度、穗松紧度、穗形、粒色、米色、全生育期、千粒重等12个农艺性状，测定了成熟籽粒淀粉含量和蛋白质含量两个品质相关性状。利用PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫，以-0.5 MPa渗透势的PEG溶液测定了各谷子材料芽期的萌发指数、发芽率、根长、芽长、根芽比等耐旱相关指标。试验结果表明：各数量性状中主茎直径变异系数最大（22.31%），淀粉含量变异系数最小（1.32%）。相关性分析结果显示，主茎节数与主茎长度呈显著正相关，与主茎直径呈显著负相关；千粒重与主茎直径和主穗长度均呈显著正相关，与主茎节数呈显著负相关；蛋白质含量与主茎长度和淀粉含量均呈显著负相关。在干旱处理下萌发指数变异系数最大（22.86%），根长变异系数最小（13.7%）；在对照下根芽比变异系数最大（17.82%），根长变异系数最小（10.92%）。相关性分析结果表明，萌发耐旱指数（GDRI）与相对发芽率、相对根长及相对芽长互为显著正相关关系；相对根芽比与相对根长呈显著正相关关系，与相对芽长呈显著负相关关系。通过萌发耐旱指数结合聚类分析对各谷子材料的芽期耐旱性进行了评价并分为5个等级，筛选出‘长脖谷’等1级耐旱资源17份。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Totally 44 foxtail millet varieties (lines) collected from different areas in Shanxi were used. Twelve agronomic traits, two quality related traits and drought tolerance related indicators at germination stage were identified, which drought condition was simulated by PEG-6000. Agronomic traits including sheath color (ShC), seedling leaf color (SLC), main stem length (MSL), main stem diameter (MSD), main stem node number (MSNN), panicle length (PL), panicle type (PT), panicle tightness (PTi), grain color (GC), millet color (MC), whole growth period (WGP) and 1000-grain weight (1000-GW). Quality related traits including starch content (SC) and protein content (PC). Promptness index (PI), germination rate (GR), root length (RL), sprout length (SL) and root length per sprout length (R/S) as drought\|related traits were measured under -0.5 MPa PEG stress. The coefficients of variation (CV,%) of quantitative traits ranged from 1.32% (SC) to 22.31% (MSD). Correlation analysis indicated that MSNN showed significant and positive correlation with MSL, and significant and negative correlation with MSD. 1000-GW showed significant and positive correlation with MSD and PL, and significant and negative correlation with MSNN. PC showed a significant and negative correlation with MSL and SC. The CV of drought\|related traits ranged from 13.7% (RL) to 22.86% (PI) under drought stress, and 10.92% (RL) to 17.82% (R/S) under normal condition, respectively. Germination drought resistance index (GDRI) was calculated to identify drought tolerance capacity of foxtail millet accessions, seventeen elite drought tolerance accessions were selected. Correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationships among drought\|related traits. Relative root length per sprout (RR/S) showed significant and positive correlation with RRL, and significant and negative correlation with RSL. The drought resistance of various millet materials during the bud stage was evaluated by combining the germination drought resistance index with cluster analysis, and they were divided into 5 levels. Seventeen first\|level drought resistant resources, such as ‘Changbogu’ were selected. |
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