| 冯海萍,陈卓,杨虎.微生物菌剂对连作芹菜根际土壤真菌群落多样性与结构的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(2):53~61 |
| 微生物菌剂对连作芹菜根际土壤真菌群落多样性与结构的影响 |
| Effects of biocontrol agents on fungal community diversity and structure in rhizosphere soil of continuous cropping celery |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.02.07 |
| 中文关键词: 芹菜 连作 微生物菌剂 土壤理化性质 真菌群落结构 宁南山区 |
| 英文关键词:celery continuous cropping microbial agent soil physical and chemical properties fungal community structure mountainous area of southern Ningxia |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目（NGSB-2021-8-06）；国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-23-G24) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以宁南旱区连作4年芹菜根际土壤为研究对象，采用田间定位试验结合高通量测序技术，以常规施肥（CK）为对照，研究常规施肥＋枯草·哈茨复合菌剂（MF），常规施肥＋枯草芽孢杆菌（BS），常规施肥＋哈茨木霉菌（TH）3个处理对芹菜连作根际土壤真菌多样性及群落组成的影响。结果表明：施用枯草·哈茨复合菌显著提高了土壤有效磷、速效钾含量，增幅分别为34.29%和9.98%。施用微生物菌剂增加了土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶活性，平均增幅分别为43.16%和12.98%，并显著改变了土壤真菌的β-多样性。被孢霉属(Mortierella)、织球壳属(Plectosphaerella)、赤霉菌属(Gibberella)、链格孢属(Alternaria)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)是各处理优势菌属，施用枯草·哈茨复合菌显著降低了赤霉菌属、链格孢属、镰刀霉属等真菌性病原菌的相对丰度，降幅分别为59.88%、51.63%、36.13%。冗余分析表明土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶活性、pH值和全磷是影响真菌群落结构组成的主要驱动因子。综合而言，枯草·哈茨复合菌剂的施用不仅降低了连作芹菜根际土壤镰刀菌属、链格孢属、赤霉菌属等病原菌的富集，还通过改变有效磷、速效钾等土壤理化性质，进一步重塑土壤真菌群落结构。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To provide a theoretical basis for alleviating the obstacles of continuous cropping of celery in the mountainous area of southern Ningxia, a field positioning experiment combined with high\|flux sequencing technology was used to study the effects of conventional fertilization + mixed bactericides (MF), conventional fertilization + Bacillus subtilis (BS), and conventional fertilization + Trichoderma harzianum (TH) on fungal diversity and community composition of rhizosphere soil of celery in continuous cropping for 4 years, using conventional fertilization as a control (CK). The results showed that the application of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum compound bacteria increased the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in soil, with an increase of 34.29% and 9.98%, respectively. The application of microbial agents increased the activities of urease and sucrase, with an average increase of 43.16% and 12.98%, respectively, and significantly changed the β-diversity of soil fungi. Mortierella, Plectosphaerella, Gibberella, Alternaria, Fusarium were the dominant genera in each treatment. The application of compound microbial agent of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum treatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of fungal pathogens such as Gibberella, Alternaria and Fusarium by 59.88%, 51.63%and 36.13%, respectively. Redundancy analysis showed that sucrase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, pH and total phosphorus were the main driving factors affecting the composition of the fungal community. In summary, the application of compound microbial agent of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum not only reduced the enrichment of pathogens such as Fusarium, Alternaria, and Gibberella, but also further reshaped the soil fungal community structure by changing soil physical and chemical properties such as available phosphorus and potassium. |
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