| 孙光旭,郭伟.群体密度与黄腐酸对芸豆籽粒淀粉形成及加工特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(2):110~120 |
| 群体密度与黄腐酸对芸豆籽粒淀粉形成及加工特性的影响 |
| Effects of population density and fulvic acid on grain starch formation and processing characteristics of kidney bean |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.02.13 |
| 中文关键词: 芸豆 籽粒淀粉 群体密度 黄腐酸 淀粉加工品质 |
| 英文关键词:kidney bean seed starch population density fulvic acid starch processing quality |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1001402)；黑龙江八一农垦大学“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目 (JB20220001)；黑龙江八一农垦大学研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2022-Y17) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 257 |
| 全文下载次数: 217 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明群体密度与叶面喷施黄腐酸对黑龙江省西北部芸豆籽粒淀粉形成及加工特性的影响，采用二因素裂区设计，主区设3个群体密度：20万株·hm-2（D1，稀植处理）、23万株·hm-2（D2，当地常规密度）、26万株·hm-2（D3，密植处理）；副区设5个黄腐酸浓度：清水（C0）、0.37（C1）、0.45（C2）、1.12（C3）、1.50 kg·hm-2（C4）。采用碱液浸提法提取成熟后芸豆籽粒淀粉，通过测定淀粉的溶解度、膨胀度、冻融稳定性、糊化特性、透明度、直链淀粉含量以及淀粉的理化性质，研究了芸豆淀粉品质形成的群体效应及叶面肥调控效果。结果表明：芸豆籽粒粗淀粉含量及直链淀粉比例显著影响淀粉的加工特性。2021年、2022年芸豆淀粉含量均随群体密度的增加而增加，分别从45.7%、47.7%增加到59.0%、50.7%；同时，直链淀粉含量均在高密度（26万株·hm-2）处理下达到峰值，分别为36.3%和28.4%。叶面喷施黄腐酸促进了芸豆籽粒淀粉的积累，提高了籽粒总淀粉含量，增加了中、低密度群体（20万株·hm-2和23万株·hm-2）下的籽粒直链淀粉的比例，2021年和2022年的增幅范围分别为8.4%~17.0%、16.4%~35.6%和6.1%~19.3%、8.4%~12.8%，但降低了高密度群体（26万株·hm-2）的直链淀粉比例，2021年与2022年降低范围分别为5.7%~13.6%与4.3%~15.0%。综合分析，在黑龙江西北部地区，26万株·hm-2的栽培密度有利于籽粒淀粉品质的形成，同时在芸豆开花期喷施1.50 kg·hm-2的黄腐酸对淀粉加工品质具有一定提升效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of population density and foliar spraying of fulvic acid on starch formation and processing characteristics of kidney bean in northwestern Heilongjiang Province, a two\|factor split\|zone design was used, with three population densities in the main zone of 200 000 plant·hm-2 (D1, sparse planting treatment), 230 000 plant·hm-2 (D2, local conventional density), and 260 000 plant·hm-2 (D3, dense planting treatment) and five fulvic acid concentrations in the secondary zone of clear water (C0), 0.37 (C1), 0.45 (C2), 1.12 kg·hm-2 (C3) and 1.50 kg·hm-2 (C4). The starch of kidney bean seeds after maturity was extracted by alkaline leaching method, and the group effects on the formation of starch quality of kidney bean and the regulation effects of foliar fertilizer were investigated by determining the solubility, expansion, freeze\|thaw stability, pasting characteristics, transparency, content of straight\|chain amylose, and the physicochemical properties of the starch. The results showed that the crude starch content and the proportion of straight\|chain starch in kidney bean kernels significantly affected the processing characteristics of starch. In 2021 and 2022, the amylose content of kidney bean increased with the increase of population density, from 45.7% and 47.7% to 59.0% and 50.7%, respectively. At the same time, the content of straight\|chain amylose all peaked under the high\|density (260 000 plant·hm-2) treatments, at 36.3% and 28.4%, respectively. Foliar spraying of fulvic acid promoted the accumulation of kidney bean grain starch, increased the total grain starch content, and increased the proportion of straight\|chain starch in the grains under the medium and low\|density populations (200 000 and 230 000 plant·hm-2), with a range of increases of 8.4% to 17.0%, 16.4% to 35.6%, and 6.1% to 19.3%， 8.4% to 12.8%, in 2021 and 2022, respectively, but reduced the proportion of straight\|chain starch in the high\|density population (260 000 plant·hm-2), with a range of 5.7% to 13.6% and 4.3% to 15.0% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. In a comprehensive analysis, the cultivation density of 260 000 plant·hm-2 in northwestern Heilongjiang was favorable to the formation of starch quality of the kernel, while the spraying of fulvic acid at 1.50 kg·hm-2 during the flowering stage of kidney bean had a certain promotional effect on the processing quality of starch. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |