| 周建伟,吴华,赵鑫永,许童,郭齐韵,李佳潼.安宁河干旱河谷耕地地形梯度分异及其变化驱动因素[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(4):238~248 |
| 安宁河干旱河谷耕地地形梯度分异及其变化驱动因素 |
| Topographic gradient differentiation of cultivated land and driving factors of its change in the dry valley of Anning River |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.04.25 |
| 中文关键词: 耕地变化 地形分异 空间分布 驱动因素 干旱河谷 安宁河流域 |
| 英文关键词:cultivated land change topographic differentiation spatial distribution driving factors dry valley Anning River Basin |
| 基金项目:西藏大学人才创新团队与实验室平台建设项目（2022ZDTD10）；中央支持地方部区合建/一流学科珠峰学科建设计划项目（藏财预指【2022】1 号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于高精度土地利用数据，采用核密度分析、景观指数、地形梯度（海拔、坡度、坡向、地貌）分级和PLUS模型，探究1980—2018年安宁河流域耕地的时空分布、聚集和破碎情况、地形梯度分异及其变化的驱动机制，以期为干旱河谷地区耕地合理利用和农业发展规划提供科学参考。结果表明：（1）耕地约占流域总面积的24%，集中分布于安宁河干流两岸的狭窄河谷地区；1980—2018年耕地持续减少，共减少61.77 km2，主要转出为林地、草地、水域和建设用地。（2）耕地呈“河谷密山地疏”的空间分布格局，研究期内耕地空间聚集度波动下降，破碎化程度加剧。（3）流域内耕地分布具有显著垂直地带性（993~1 879 m海拔，0~15°坡度，东、东南和南3个坡向，平原、丘陵和小起伏山地3个地貌类型为耕地分布的优势位），55.72%以上的耕地集中于平坦河谷平原带和中起伏山地的阳坡地带，这些区域耕地显著减少。（4）人口密度、GDP和距道路远近等经济条件因子，坡度、海拔和距水域远近等自然条件因子对耕地变化产生深远影响，其中人口密度的贡献度最高，达0.13。安宁河流域耕地具有显著地形梯度分异，在海拔、坡度和水域等自然条件制约下，受人口、GDP和交通等经济因素作用，耕地面积持续减少，破碎化现象加剧。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract:[WT] In order to provide scientific reference for rational utilization of cultivated land and agricultural development planning in dry valleys, based on high\|precision land data, kernel density analysis, landscape index, topographic gradient classification (altitude, slope, aspect, landform) and PLUS model were used to study the spatiotemporal distribution, aggregation and fragmentation driving mechanism of topographic gradient differentiation and its changes of cultivated land in Anning River Basin from 1980 to 2018. The results showed that: (1) The cultivated land accounting for approximately 24% of the total watershed area, mainly concentrated in the narrow valley areas on both sides of the mainstream of Anning River. The cultivated land in Anning River Basin continued to decrease, with a total reduction of 61.77 hm2 from 1980 to 2018, mainly transferred out as forestland, grassland, water area, and construction land. (2) The cultivated land showed a spatial distribution pattern of more in the valleys and less in the mountain land, with the fluctuation of spatial aggregation degree decreasing and the degree of fragmentation increasing during the research period. (3) The distribution of cultivated land within the watershed had significant vertical zonality (993~1 879 m altitude, 0~15° slope, three aspects of east, southeast and south, three landforms of plain, hill and small undulating mountains were the dominant positions in the distribution of cultivated land). More than 55.72% of cultivated land highly concentrated in the flat valley plain zone and the sunny slope zone of the moderately undulating mountain area, which also decreased significantly in these areas. (4) Economic factors such as population density, GDP, and distance from roads, as well as natural factors such as slope, altitude and distance from water area had a profound impact on cultivated land change. The contribution of population density is the highest, reaching 0.13. The cultivated land of Anning River Basin had significant topographic gradient differentiation. Under the constraints of natural conditions such as altitude, slope and water area, and the action of economic factors such as population, GDP, and road conditions, the area of cultivated land was continuously decreasing, and the fragmentation phenomenon was intensifying. |
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