| 吴黎,毕洪文,郑妍妍,庄家煜,解文欢,张效霏.1963—2022年气候变化对黑龙江省大豆需水量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(5):206~215 |
| 1963—2022年气候变化对黑龙江省大豆需水量的影响 |
| Impact of climate change on soybean water demand in Heilongjiang Province from 1963 to 2022 |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.05.21 |
| 中文关键词: 大豆 需水量 气候变化 有效降雨量； 黑龙江省 |
| 英文关键词:soybean crop water requirement climate change effective rainfall Heilongjiang Province |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFF0711803）；黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程农业关键技术科技创新重点攻关项目（CX23GG18） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为揭示黑龙江省气候变化对大豆需水量的影响，基于61个气象站1963—2022年逐日气象数据和20个农业气象观测站1993—2013年大豆生育期资料，利用五日滑动平均法、单作物系数法、ArcMap空间分析、MATLAB计算和Mann-Kendall趋势检验法，计算并绘制≥10℃活动积温、大豆不同品种熟型交替变化下的需水量、有效降雨量、需水量与有效降雨量耦合度及三者气象倾向率的分布图。 结果表明：（1）1963—2022年黑龙江省≥10℃活动积温呈增加趋势，1993—2002年是活动积温快速增长转折期，划定1973—1992年为积温平缓增长期，1993—2022年为积温快速增长期。不同熟型大豆种植边界线北移东扩明显。（2）1963—2022年黑龙江省大豆生长季内有效降雨量为377 mm，呈增加趋势，空间分布上由西向东表现为先增加后减少；需水量为312 mm，以-3.14 mm·10a-1的平均速率下降，空间分布上由西向东呈减少趋势。（3）1963—2022年黑龙江省大豆生长季内需水量与有效降雨量的耦合度总体呈增加趋势，泰来县增加最明显；北部部分地区呈减少趋势，加大对水资源的消耗。（4）气象因子中温度和降雨量显著上升，日照时数和风速显著下降，使得大豆需水量下降、需水量与有效降雨量的耦合度上升，有利于缓解大豆种植区干旱。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To assess the impact of climate change on soybean water requirements in Heilongjiang Province, we analyzed daily meteorological data from 1963 to 2022 from 61 weather stations, along with soybean growth observation data from 1993 to 2013 from 20 agricultural meteorological stations. The distribution maps of active accumulated temperature (≥10℃), effective precipitation, crop water requirement, coupling degree of crop water requirement and effective precipitation and their climatic tendencies were calculated and drawn by using five\|day moving average method, the single crop coefficient method, MATLAB calculation and Mann\|Kendall trend test method during soybean growth period. The results showed that: (1) The active accumulated temperature of Heilongjiang Province was increased in 1963 to 2022. The turning point of the rapid growth of active accumulated temperature was in 1993-2002. The period of gentle growth of active accumulated temperature was in 1973-1992. The rapid growth period of accumulated temperature was in 1993- 2022. The planting boundary line of different maturity soybeans moved northward and eastward obviously. (2) The effective precipitation during the soybean growing season was 377 mm, initially increasing and then decreasing from west to east. The crop water requirement was 312 mm, with a decreasing climatic trend of -3.14 mm per decade, and a spatial decrease from west to east. (3) The coupling degree showed an increasing trend between crop water requirement and effective precipitation during the growth period of soybean in 1963 to 2022. Tailai County experienced significant growth, while parts of the northern region showed a decreasing trend, leading to increased water resource consumption. (4) The temperature and precipitation increased significantly in the meteorological factors, the sunshine hours and wind speed decreased significantly, which leaded to the water requirement of soybean decreased and the coupling degree between water requirement and effective precipitation increased. It is beneficial to alleviate the drought in soybean planting area. |
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