| 罗宏博,王建吉,连潇,耿宝龙,李峰.丘陵山地小型窄幅分段式大豆收获机设计与试验[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(5):283~293 |
| 丘陵山地小型窄幅分段式大豆收获机设计与试验 |
| Design and experiment of small narrow range segmented soybean harvester in hilly area |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.05.29 |
| 中文关键词: 大豆收获机 丘陵山地 窄幅低损分段式 设计 试验 |
| 英文关键词:soybean harvester hilly and mountainous areas narrow and low loss segmented type design experiment |
| 基金项目:甘肃省重点研发计划项目（23YFNM0002)；甘肃省农业农村厅农机装备补短板行动项目（njyf2024-02-2）；甘肃省科技专员专项(23CXGM0002)；甘肃省教育厅高校教师创新基金项目（2024B-169） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对丘陵山地大豆收获小型宜机机具缺乏、损失率和破损率高等问题，设计一种丘陵山地小型窄幅分段式大豆收获机，该装置主要由拨禾轮、往复式割刀、输送链板等部件组成，主要围绕丘陵山地地貌特征、大豆植物生理学特性、收获及作业过程装备的动力学行为，优化拨禾轮的转速、安装高度、割刀往复速度、割刀和输送链板结构等参数。基于响应面单因素试验研究各因素对损失率、破损率影响的显著性大小顺序为：拨禾轮转速>割刀切割速度>拨禾轮高度。通过参数优化分析，确定大豆收获的最优作业参数组合为：拨禾轮转速51 r·min-1、拨禾轮高度78 cm、割刀切割速度1.5 m·s-1，预测损失率为1.57%，破损率为1.4%。在最优工况下进行田间试验，结果表明收获机损失率由最高2.21%降为1.60%，破损率由最高2.03%降为1.35%，各指标实测值与模型优化值的相对误差均小于3%，满足国家相关标准要求。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To solve the problems of lack of small suitable machines for soybean harvesting in hilly and mountainous areas and high loss and breakage rates, a small narrow\|width segmented soybean harvester in hilly and mountainous areas was designed. The device was mainly composed of plucking wheel, reciprocating cutting cutter, conveyor chain plate and other components. Based on the landform characteristics of hills and mountains, physiological characteristics of soybean plants, the dynamic behavior of equipment during harvesting and working, the rotation speed of plucking wheel, installation height, reciprocating speed of cutting table, cutter parameters and conveyor belt were optimized. Based on the response surface single factor test, the order of significance of the influence of each factor on the loss rate and crushing rate as follows: rotary speed of rotary wheel > cutting speed of cutter > rotary height of rotary wheel. Through parameter optimization analysis, it was determined that the optimal operation parameter combination of soybean harvesting rotary speed was 51 r·min-1, 78 cm rotary height and 1.5 m·s-1 cutter speed. The predicted loss rate was 1.57% and the damage rate was 1.4%. The experiment results showed that the loss of the whole machine decreased from the highest 2.21% to 1.60%, the damage rate decreased from the highest 2.03% to 1.35%, and the relative error between the measured value and the model optimization value of each index was less than 3%, meeting the requirements of relevant national standards. |
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