| 白春生,范虹,李波,程宝钰,王岩,殷文,胡发龙,樊志龙,赵财.等氮量有机肥替代化肥对绿洲灌区糯玉米光合特性及品质的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(6):121~130 |
| 等氮量有机肥替代化肥对绿洲灌区糯玉米光合特性及品质的影响 |
| Effects of equal nitrogen organic fertilizer substitution of chemical fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and quality of waxy maize in oasis irrigation areas |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.06.13 |
| 中文关键词: 糯玉米 有机肥替代化肥 光合特性 品质 绿洲灌区 |
| 英文关键词:waxy maize organic fertilizer substitution chemical fertilizer photosynthetic characteristic quality oasis irrigated area |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD2301100）；甘肃省科技重大专项（22ZD6NA009）；甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目（21JR7RA802） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 56 |
| 全文下载次数: 41 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 通过田间定位试验探究等氮量有机肥替代化肥比例对糯玉米光合特性和营养品质的影响，以‘京科糯2000’为试验品种，在施纯氮总量为300 kg· hm-2定额条件下，采用随机区组设计，设全施化肥（F1），有机肥替代25%（F2）、50%（F3）、75%（F4）化肥和全施有机肥（F5）5个处理，测定了糯玉米抽雄期光合特性、鲜穗期籽粒营养品质及鲜穗产量。结果表明：等氮量有机肥替代部分化肥能显著提高糯玉米抽雄期的光合性能，其中F2和F3处理较F1处理的SPAD值提高10.6%~14.3%，tr提高11.7%~18.8%，Pn提高11.2%~17.1%，Gs提高62.2%~79.2%，Ci降低22.7%~23.8%。F2处理糯玉米鲜穗产量较F1处理显著提高10.4%。等氮量有机肥替代化肥能显著提高糯玉米鲜穗中可溶性糖含量和粗脂肪含量，F2和F3处理较F1处理可溶性糖含量和粗脂肪含量分别提高22.9%～28.9%和8.5%~11.4%；F2处理较F1处理粗蛋白含量显著提高10.3%；此外，各有机肥替代化肥处理较F1处理的鲜味氨基酸和甜味氨基酸增幅分别为15.7%~19.3%和12.2%~17.4%，其中，F2处理下芳香氨基酸含量较F1显著提高13.0%。综上，等氮量有机肥替代25%和50%的化肥在提高糯玉米鲜穗产量的同时，能显著改善营养品质，实现糯玉米的高产优质，可作为绿洲灌区合理的有机无机肥配施方法。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Through field positioning experiments, the impact of the proportion of equal nitrogen amounts of organic fertilizers replacing chemical fertilizers on the photosynthetic characteristics and nutritional quality of waxy corn was explored as toprovide a theoretical basis for the scientific application of organic fertilizer in waxy maize production in oasis irrigation area. In this study, ‘Jingkenuo 2000’ was used as the tested variety. Under the condition of 300 kg·hm-2 of pure nitrogen application, five treatments were set up, including full application of chemical fertilizer (F1), 25% replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer (F2), 50% replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer (F3), 75% replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer (F4) and full application of organic fertilizer (F5), respectively. The photosynthetic characteristics of waxy maize at tasseling stage, grain nutritional quality at fresh ear stage and fresh ear yield were investigated. The results showed that: (1) replacing part of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer significantly improved the photosynthetic characteristics of waxy maize at tasseling stage. Compared with F1, the SPAD value of F2 and F3 treatments increased by 10.6%~14.3%, tr increased by 11.7%~18.8%,Pn increased by 11.2%~17.1%, Gs increased by 62.2% ~79.2%, and Ci decreased by 22.7%~23.8%. (2) The fresh ear yield of waxy maize under F2 treatment was significantly higher than that of F1 by 10.4%. (3) Organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer could significantly increase the soluble sugar content and crude fat content in fresh ears of waxy maize. Compared with F1, the soluble sugar content and crude fat content in F2 and F3 treatments increased by 22.9%~28.9% and 8.5% ~11.4%, respectively. The crude protein content of F2 treatment was 10.3% higher than that of F1. In addition, compared with F1, the contents of umami amino acids and sweet amino acids in F2 were significantly increased by 15.7%~19.3% and 12.2%~ 17.4%, respectively. Among them, the content of aromatic amino acids in F2 was significantly increased by 13.0% compared with F1. In short, the replacement of 25% and 50% chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers can significantly improve the nutritional quality of waxy corn while increasing the fresh ear yield of waxy corn and achieve high yield and high quality of waxy corn, which is a reasonable organic and inorganic fertilizer application method in this area. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |