| 赵小琴,贾瑞玲,刘军秀,文殷花,刘彦明,师丽丽,张娟宁,马宁.基于表型性状的干旱半干旱区谷子骨干种质构建[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(1):21~31 |
| 基于表型性状的干旱半干旱区谷子骨干种质构建 |
| Key germplasm developing of foxtail millet in arid and semi\|arid areas based on phenotypic traits |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.01.03 |
| 中文关键词: 谷子 表型性状 骨干种质 取样策略 代表性评价 干旱半干旱区 |
| 英文关键词:foxtail millet phenotypic traits key germplasm sampling strategy representative evaluation arid and semi\|arid areas |
| 基金项目:定西市科技计划项目（DX2023AY05）；甘肃省自然科学基金（24JRRJ002） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以871份谷子种质资源为材料，基于植物学类型分组，平方根法确定取样量，组内按17个表型数据进行UPGMA聚类分析，类内随机取样构建骨干种质；同时通过t检验、F测验、卡方测验、表型保留比例等对骨干种质代表性进行检验和评价；并利用主成分分析和直方图对骨干种质进行确认，共构建包含85份种质的干旱半干旱地区谷子骨干种质，占全部资源的9.8％，包括白粒21份、黄粒49份、橙粒3份、青粒5份、红粒4份、黑粒2份和褐粒1份。显著性分析结果表明，谷子骨干种质17个性状与全部种质之间的方差（P=0.047~0.986）、变异系数（0.965）、香农多样性指数（0.873）差异均不显著（P＞0.05）；且骨干种质保留了全部种质的分布范围、表型保留比例（0.812~1.402）；相关性分析结果表明，骨干种质较好地保持了全部种质各性状间的遗传关联和分布频率。综上可知，构建的干旱半干旱区谷子骨干种质既能代表全部种质的遗传变异又减小了全部种质的遗传群体，可为谷子资源评价、种质创新和新品种选育奠定良好的基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, a total of 871 foxtail millet germplasm resources were categorized based on their botanical varieties. Key accessions were identified through the analysis of 17 phenotypic traits, employing the square root strategy, UPGMA clustering within groups, and random sampling within individual clusters. These key accessions were evaluated using t-test, F-test, Chi-squared test, and phenotypic retention ratio analyses. Finally, the principal components analysis and the histogram analysis were used to re\|confirm the foxtail millet key germplasm. A total of 85 as key germplasm was selected, accounting for 9.8% of total resources, including 21 white varieties, 49 yellow varieties, 3 orange varieties, 5 cyan varieties, 4 red varieties, 2 black varieties, and 1 brown variety. The results of significant analysis showed that the variance (P from 0.047 to 0.986), coefficient of variation (P=0.965), and Shannon\|weaver diversity index (P=0.873) for 17 phenotypic traits were not significantly different between key germplasm and entire collection (P＞0.05), and the distribution range, the ratio of phenotypic retention (0.812~1.402) of entire collection were preserved. The phenotypic correlations displayed the same genetic association and distribution frequency between the two collections. Thus, the key germplasm of foxtail millet in arid and semi\|arid areas can represent the genetic variability and reduce the genetic population in entire resources and can provide a theoretical basis for evaluation, innovation of foxtail millet and cultivation of new varieties. |
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