| This study comprehensively evaluated the drought and saline\|alkali tolerance of 15 oat varieties during the germination stage. Ten indicators were measured, including root length, bud length, total length, germination rate, germination potential, fresh mass, dry mass, germination index, vigor index, and root\|shoot ratio. Methods such as principal component analysis, heatmap, and cluster analysis were utilized. The experiment used PEG-6000 to simulate drought stress, NaCl for salt stress, a mixture of alkalis (with a ratio of NaHCO3 to Na2CO3 of 9∶1) for alkaline stress, with distilled water as the control. The results showed that ‘Zhangyou NO.9’, ‘Baiyan NO.20’, and ‘Weidouyou NO.5’ exhibited strong drought resistance, while ‘Guyan NO.1’ and ‘Guyan NO.3’ were sensitive to drought. ‘Jinyan NO.17’, ‘Diyan NO.1’, ‘Weidouyou NO.5’, and ‘Yinyan NO.1’ demonstrated strong salt tolerance, whereas ‘Guyan NO.3’ displayed poor salt tolerance. ‘Guyan NO.2’ showed strong alkali tolerance, while ‘Guyan NO.1’ was sensitive to alkali. The root length and total length during the germination stage of oats were effective indicators for assessing drought resistance. The germination index and germination potential were suitable for evaluating salt tolerance, while the germination index, germination rate, and germination potential were appropriate for assessing alkali tolerance. |