| 李秋宏,王丹丹,张彦文.外生菌根真菌对东北红豆杉幼苗生长及抗旱性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(2):66~76 |
| 外生菌根真菌对东北红豆杉幼苗生长及抗旱性的影响 |
| Effects of ectomycorrhizal fungi on seedling growth and drought resistance of Taxus cuspidata |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.02.07 |
| 中文关键词: 东北红豆杉 外生菌根真菌 干旱胁迫 幼苗 抗旱性 |
| 英文关键词:Taxus cuspidata ECMF draught stress seedling drought resistance |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32272757）；辽宁省科技计划联合计划（基金）项目（2023JH2/101700200）；辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目（JYTMS20230698） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究接种外生菌根真菌（ECMF）促进东北红豆杉幼苗抗旱性机制，以东北红豆杉幼苗为材料，分析赭丝膜菌（Cr）、美味牛肝菌（Se）和粘盖牛肝菌（Sb）在正常浇水（N）、轻度干旱胁迫（L）、中度干旱胁迫（M）和重度干旱胁迫（S）处理下对幼苗侵染率、生长指标、生理指标和基因表达水平的影响，从而评价ECMF对东北红豆杉幼苗抗旱性的改良作用。结果显示，对照组（CK）侵染率仅为0.8%～1.2%，且随干旱加剧呈下降趋势，而接种处理中Cr具有最高的侵染率（43.61%～60.56%），显著高于Se（41.09%～53.27%）和Sb（31.17%～34.85%）。在生长指标方面，接种ECMF显著提高了幼苗的苗高、地径、生物量和根冠比，其中中度干旱时Cr和Se处理的总生物量较对照组分别提高66.83%和35.39%。生理指标方面，接种ECMF显著改善了幼苗的光合参数和抗氧化能力，Cr处理在中度干旱时净光合速率和气孔导度较对照分别提高40.04%和126.42%；在轻度、中度和重度胁迫下，Cr处理的SOD活性分别增加66.85%、92.33%和33.19%，Se处理分别增加48.66%、75.23%和31.45%；渗透调节物质含量随干旱胁迫程度加剧呈先升后降趋势，中度干旱时Cr、Se和Sb处理的脯氨酸含量分别达到正常浇水的1.96倍、1.83倍和1.52倍。基因表达水平上，Cr处理组TcDREB基因在中度干旱时表达量较对照组增加16.82%，而Se和Sb处理与未接菌组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明，3种ECMF的抗旱效果为Cr>Se>Sb，接种ECMF通过提高光合能力、增强抗氧化系统和改善渗透调节能力等多重途径显著增强了东北红豆杉幼苗的抗旱性，可促进东北红豆杉幼苗的生长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the mechanism of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) in enhancing drought resistance of T. cuspidata seedlings, this study analyzed the effects of Cenococcum geophilum (Cr), Suillus granulatus (Se), and Suillus viscidus (Sb) on seedling infection rate, growth parameters, physiological indicators, and gene expression levels under normal watering (N), mild drought stress (L), moderate drought stress (M), and severe drought stress (S) conditions. Results showed that the control group (CK) had an infection rate of only 0.8%~1.2% with a decreasing trend as drought intensified, while Cr showed the highest infection rate (43.61%~60.56%), significantly higher than Se (41.09%~53.27%) and Sb (31.17%~34.85%). In terms of growth parameters, ECMF inoculation significantly improved seedling height, ground diameter, biomass, and root\|shoot ratio, with Cr and Se treatments increasing total biomass by 66.83% and 35.39% respectively under moderate drought stress. Regarding physiological indicators, ECMF inoculation significantly improved photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant capacity, with Cr treatment showing 40.04% and 126.42% increases in net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance respectively under moderate drought stress. For antioxidant enzyme activity, under mild, moderate, and severe stress, Cr treatment increased SOD activity by 66.85%, 92.33%, and 33.19%, while Se increased by 48.66%, 75.23%, and 31.45% respectively. Osmotic regulation substance content showed an initial increase followed by a decrease with increasing drought stress, with Cr, Se, and Sb treatments reaching 1.96, 1.83, and 1.52 times that of normal watering levels of proline content under moderate drought stress. At the gene expression level, the TcDREB gene in the Cr treatment group showed a 16.82% increase under moderate drought stress compared to the control group, however, there was no significant differences (P>0.05) between the Se and Sb treatment groups and the non\|inoculated groups. The research demonstrated that among the three ECMF species, the drought resistance effectiveness ranked as Cr>Se>Sb. Through various mechanisms, including enhanced photosynthetic capacity, a strengthened antioxidant system, and improved osmotic regulation, these fungi significantly increased the drought resistance of T. cuspidata seedlings and promoted their growth, thereby providing a valuable theoretical foundation for drought\|resistant seedling cultivation. |
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