| 裴胜钊,吕福泉,邓新炜,白振涛,廖振棋,李云霞,范军亮,尹飞虎.果树地下滴灌技术研究进展与展望[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(2):302~310 |
| 果树地下滴灌技术研究进展与展望 |
| Progress and prospect of subsurface drip irrigation technology for fruit trees |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.02.30 |
| 中文关键词: 果树 地下滴灌 技术参数 根区土壤水分溶质运移 水肥利用效率 |
| 英文关键词:fruit trees subsurface drip irrigation technical parameters root zone soil water solute transport water and fertilizer use efficiency |
| 基金项目:新疆生产建设兵团第三师重点领域科技攻关计划项目（KY2024GG08）；新疆生产建设兵团英才青年项目（2430306010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 梳理了地下滴灌技术的应用进展以及地下滴灌系统的技术参数，阐明了地下滴灌条件下果园土壤水分、养分及盐分的运移特征，总结了地下滴灌对果树生长及水肥利用的影响。研究表明通过优化毛管埋深、埋设间距和灌水均匀度等技术参数能够显著提升果树经济效益；地下滴灌对果树根区土壤水分和溶质的分布及运移规律产生显著影响，湿润锋向下运移距离大于向上运移距离，养分及盐分的时空分布主要受土壤水分分布影响；地下滴灌通过提供精量的水分和养分供应，提高水肥利用效率，减少环境污染的风险，促进果树健康生长和果实优质发展，增强果树抗逆性和对生态环境的适应性。未来应继续加强地下滴灌技术在果树上的应用，利用经验模型、作物模型或遥感技术等方法探求其节水增产机理，探索适合不同树种、气候、土壤条件的灌溉策略，以提高其应用范围。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study systematically reviewed the application progress of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) technology and the technical parameters of the SDI system. It elucidated the transport characteristics of soil moisture, nutrients, and salt in orchards under SDI conditions and summarized the effects of SDI on fruit tree growth and the efficiency of water and fertilizer use.The results showed that the optimization of technical parameters such as buried depth of capillary, buried spacing and irrigation uniformity was enough to significantly improve the economic benefits of fruit trees. SDI had a significant impact on the distribution and transport pattern of soil moisture and solutes in the root zone of fruit trees, the downward transport distance of the wetting front was greater than the upward distance of the transport distance, and the spatial and temporal distributions of nutrients and salts were mainly affected by the distribution of soil moisture. SDI, through the provision of a fine amount of irrigation and nutrition supply, improved the efficiency of water and fertilizer usage, reduced the risk of environmental pollution in the orchard, promoted the healthy growth of fruit trees and the development of fruit quality, and enhanced the resilience of fruit trees and their adaptability to the ecological environment. In the future, we should continue to enhance the application of SDI technology in fruit trees, investigate its water\|saving and yield\|boosting mechanisms using empirical models, crop models, or remote sensing technology, and develop irrigation strategies tailored to different tree species, climatic conditions, and soil types to expand its applicability. |
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