| 万其鑫,张洋,杨艺恒,杨永军,李得孝.陕西关中地区带状间作模式下夏播玉米品种筛选[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(3):1~10 |
| 陕西关中地区带状间作模式下夏播玉米品种筛选 |
| Selection of maize varieties suitable for a summer\|sowing soybean\|maize strip intercropping system in the Guanzhong region of Shaanxi province |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.03.01 |
| 中文关键词: 夏播玉米 带状间作 品种选择 灰色关联分析 关中地区 |
| 英文关键词:summer maize strip intercropping mode variety selection grey correlation analysis Guanzhong region |
| 基金项目:陕西省重点产业创新链项目（2023-ZDLNY-10）；国家农业农村部科技创新2030-重大项目（2023ZD04035-5-2）；2024年陕西省重点研发计划项目；2023年陕西省现代种业发展项目 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 123 |
| 全文下载次数: 67 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为有效推进大豆玉米带状间作技术在陕西关中地区的推广，选取25个玉米杂交种，在带状间作模式（玉豆行比2∶3）下进行田间种植鉴定，调查玉米株高、穗位高、产量等11个相关指标，通过方差分析、相关分析、回归分析和灰色关联分析，确定重点选择性状并筛选适宜玉米品种。结果表明：在带状间作模式下，玉米部分性状的遗传变异系数表现为百粒重（81.49%）>穗粒重（16.06%）>穗轴重（14.31%）>穗位高（12.67%）>穗轴粗（5.15%）>株高（4.23%）>穗行数（4.01%）>穗长（2.35%）；环境变异系数表现为百粒重（15.78%）>穗粒重（15.31%）>穗轴重（14.57%）>穗位高（10.88%）>穗长（8.66%）>穗行数（7.70%）>株高（7.42%）>穗轴粗（5.09%）。相关性分析表明，穗粒重与百粒重、穗轴粗与穗行数、株高与穗位高的简单相关性和偏相关性皆正向显著，株高与穗行数间偏相关系数为显著负值。各性状与穗粒重的灰色关联度表现为穗轴重>百粒重>行粒数>株高>穗轴粗>穗行数>穗粗>穗位高>穗长>秃尖长；利用逐步回归法建立了行粒数（X6）、穗行数（X7）和百粒重（X9）与单穗粒重（Y）的线性回归方程：Y= -149.3581+2.3552X6+5.6825X7+3.5012X9。通径分析显示，百粒重（X9）对穗粒重（Y）的直接贡献最大，百粒重（X9）和行粒数（X6）对穗粒重（Y）的贡献较大，决策系数表现为百粒重（X9）>穗行数（X7）>行粒数（X6），在田间玉米品种筛选中应重点考察百粒重、穗粒重、穗轴重和穗位高等性状，适合带状间作的玉米品种应具备株型紧凑、矮秆、低穗位、高百粒重、多穗行、行粒数多等特征。通过灰色关联分析，筛选出4个玉米品种‘登海511’、‘良玉99’、‘伟育718’和‘登海618’，可在陕西关中夏播区带状间作中推广。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To promote soybean\|maize strip intercropping technology in the Guanzhong region of Shaanxi province, 25 maize hybrids were evaluated in a two\|row maize intercropped with three\|row soybean system. Eleven maize traits, including plant height, ear height, and yield\|related characteristics, were investigated and analyzed using variance analysis, correlation analysis, stepwise regression, and grey relational analysis. The aim was to identify key indicators and select maize varieties suitable for the strip intercropping system. The results showed that, under strip intercropping mode, the genetic coefficient of variance was sequenced as 100-kernel weight (81.49%)>seed weight per ear (16.06%) > cob weight(14.31%)> ear height (12.67%) > cob diameter(5.15%)> plant height (4.23%) > rows per ear (4.01%) > ear length (2.35%); and environmental coefficient of variance was sequenced as 100-kernel weight(15.78%)> seed weight per ear(15.31%) > cob weight(14.57%) > ear weight (10.88%) > ear length(8.66%) > rows per ear (7.70%) > plant height (7.42%) > cob diameter(5.09%). The correlation analysis indicated that, the positive significant coefficients of pearson’s and partial correlation were detected between three pairs of seed weight per ear with 100-kernel weight, cob diameter with rows per ear, and plant height with ear height, moreover, the negative significant partial correlation was detected between plant height and rows per ear. The grey relational degrees of ten traits with seed weight per ear were listed as cob weight > 100-kernel weight > kernels per row > plant height > cob diameter > rows per ear > ear diameter > ear height > ear length > bare tip length. A linear regression function of kernels per row(X6)，rows per ear (X7)，100-kernel weight (X9) and seed weight per ear (Y) was established by the stepwise regression analysis: Y=-149.3581+2.3552X6+5.6825X7+3.5012X9 (R2=0.7975), and the path analysis indicated that 100-kernel weight (X9) had the highest direct contribution to seed weight per ear (Y), and more indirect contribution through the correlation path of 100-kernel weight (X9) and kernels per row (X6). The determination coefficient was sorted in the descender order of 100-kernel weight (X9), rows per ear (X7) and kernels per row (X6). The field evaluation should focus on 100-kernel weight, seed weight per ear, cob weight and ear height, etc. The maize varieties suitable for strip intercropping should be characterized by a compact plant type, dwarf stature, low\|height ears, higher 100-kernel weight, more rows per ear, and a greater number of seeds per row. Based on the grey relational analysis, four maize varieties of ‘Denghai 511’, ‘Liangyu 99’, ‘Weiyu 718’, and ‘Denghai 618’ are recommended for the strip intercropping system in summer\|sown fields of the Guanzhong area in Shaanxi province. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |