| 柴语潼,昝凯,牛静,陈亚光,王铭,牛永锋.河南省审定大豆品种抗花叶病综合分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(4):11~21 |
| 河南省审定大豆品种抗花叶病综合分析 |
| Comprehensive analysis of mosaic virus resistance in soybean varieties from Henan Province |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.04.02 |
| 中文关键词: 大豆 审定品种 大豆花叶病毒 农艺性状 抗性评价 河南省 |
| 英文关键词:soybean approved varieties soybean mosaic virus agronomic traits resistance evaluation Henan Province |
| 基金项目:安阳市重点研发与推广专项（2022C01NY008） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以河南省2020—2024年通过审定的大豆品种为材料，系统评价大豆种质资源对大豆花叶病毒流行弱株系SC3和强株系SC7的抗性，综合分析区域试验中花叶病抗性、大豆产量与农艺性状、品质性状和遗传背景之间的相关性。结果表明，通过审定的81份大豆种质资源对SMV流行株系的抗性变异丰富，呈正态分布，病情指数逐渐下降，抗性逐年提升。区域试验多年抗性鉴定出双抗花叶病毒材料15份，占审定品种的18.52%，变异系数介于2.00%～39.96%之间。相关性分析表明，单株粒数与单株有效荚数显著正相关；流行株系SC3与SC7下病情指数与有效分枝数显著正相关，与平均产量显著负相关。主成分分析结果表明，4个主成分因子的累计贡献率达79.503%。聚类分析将15份大豆材料划分为4个类群，第I类群含3个品种，大豆有效分枝数、单株有效荚数、单株粒数方面表现较好；第Ⅱ类群含3个品种，大豆株高最高；第Ⅲ类群含3个品种，大豆生育期最短，百粒重最大，产量最高；第Ⅳ类群含6个品种，大豆株高、百粒重和主茎节数适宜。分析5份双高抗花叶病大豆资源（‘郑1825’、‘开豆1311’、‘华豆45’、‘濮豆766’和‘科豆42’）的亲本背景发现，选择存在地理纬度差异且综合性状较好的材料作为亲本进行杂交育种，易选出优良品种。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Soybean varieties approved in Henan Province from 2020 to 2024 were used to systematically evaluate the resistance of soybean germplasm resources to both the weak (SC3) and strong (SC7) strains of soybean mosaic virus (SMV). A comprehensive analysis was conducted to examine the correlations among mosaic resistance, yield, agronomic traits, quality traits, and genetic background of soybean in regional trials. The results showed that 81 soybean germplasm resources exhibited significant variation in resistance to prevalent strains of soybean mosaic virus (SMV), following a normal distribution. Over the years, the disease index gradually declined, while resistance levels increased. Multi\|year regional trials identified 15 germplasm lines with dual resistance to both SC3 and SC7 strains, accounting for 18.52% of the validated varieties. The coefficient variation ranged from 2.00% to 39.96%. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the seeds number and the effective pods number. The disease index of SC3 and SC7 strains was significantly positive correlation with the effective number of branches, and significantly negatively correlated with the average yield. Principal component analysis revealed that the cumulative contribution rate of the four principal component factors amounted to 79.503%. Cluster analysis divided the 15 soybean materials into four groups. Group I consists of three varieties that performed better in terms of effective branch number, effective pods number, and seeds number. Group II includes three varieties characterized by the tallest soybean plants. Group III comprises three varieties with the shortest growth period, the largest 100-seed weight, and the highest yield. Group IV consists of six varieties exhibiting moderate plant height, 100-seed weight, and number of main stem nodes. Analysis of the parental backgrounds of five double\|high MSV soybean varieties (‘Zheng 1825’, ‘Kaidou 1311’, ‘Huadou 45’, ‘Pudou 766’, and ‘Kedou 42’) indicates that choosing parents with differences in geographic latitude and superior comprehensive traits facilitates the selection of excellent hybrid varieties. |
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