| 代永欣,刘永强,刘思宇,宋雯,王林.间作紫花苜蓿对1年生和2年生中国沙棘水碳平衡和生长的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(4):132~141 |
| 间作紫花苜蓿对1年生和2年生中国沙棘水碳平衡和生长的影响 |
| Effects of alfalfa intercropping on water\|carbon balance and growth of one- and two\|year\|old Chinese sea buckthorn |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.04.14 |
| 中文关键词: 沙棘-苜蓿复合系统 中国沙棘 定植年限 种间水分关系 非结构性碳水化合物 幼树生长 |
| 英文关键词:sea buckthorn\|alfalfa intercropping system Chinese sea buckthorn planting age interspecific water relation non\|structural carbohydrates (NSC) growth of young trees |
| 基金项目:山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC139)；山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D221051) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究中国沙棘间作紫花苜蓿林草复合系统的种间水分、养分竞争及互惠关系，以1年生和2年生中国沙棘为研究材料，分别设置单作、间作（间作紫花苜蓿）、间作排除遮荫（用钢丝网隔离紫花苜蓿，排除其遮荫影响）共3个处理，测定2023年7月（干旱时期）和9月（湿润时期）的土壤含水量、枝条凌晨和正午水势、叶片全氮含量和光合指标、枝叶非结构性碳水化合物（NSC）含量和幼树生长等指标。结果表明：7月，与单作相比，1年生沙棘间作和间作排除遮荫处理的土壤含水量和枝条凌晨水势均显著降低，土壤含水量分别降低 22.04%和19.12%，枝条凌晨水势分别降低76.32%和71.05%，且间作处理的净光合速率、枝条韧皮部NSC含量分别降低85.82%和33.17%；2年生沙棘间作和间作排除遮荫处理的枝条凌晨水势、枝条韧皮部和木质部NSC含量均无显著变化，间作处理的叶片全氮含量和NSC含量分别提高11.67%和74.24%，间作排除遮荫处理的叶片净光合速率和全氮含量分别提高24.76%和11.56%。9月，与单作相比，复合系统中1年生和2年生沙棘的土壤含水量和枝条凌晨水势均无显著变化，1年生沙棘间作和间作排除遮荫处理叶片NSC含量分别降低52.09%和41.55%，2年生沙棘叶片NSC含量无显著变化；1年生沙棘间作和间作排除遮荫处理的1年生枝枝长分别降低66.96%和57.76%，1年生枝基径分别降低53.64%和45.06%，2年生沙棘3个处理间无显著差异。1年生枝枝长、比叶质量分别与净光合速率、7月韧皮部NSC含量显著正相关，7月韧皮部NSC含量与叶片全氮含量极显著正相关。综上，2年生沙棘复合系统中种间水分竞争明显缓解，促进了沙棘对氮的吸收，进而提升了植株光合作用和NSC储藏，更有利于沙棘生长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate interspecific water and nutrient competition or reciprocity in a silvopastoral system intercropping Chinese sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. subsp. sinensis Rousi) with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), one- and two\|year\|old Chinese sea buckthorn plants were used as research materials. Three treatments were established: monoculture; intercropping with alfalfa; and intercropping with shade exclusion, where alfalfa was isolated using wire mesh to eliminate its shading effect. Measurements were taken in July (during the drought period) and September (during the wet period) in 2023, including soil moisture content, branch predawn and midday water potential, leaf total nitrogen content, leaf photosynthetic indices, non\|structural carbohydrate (NSC) content in branches and leaves, and overall plant growth. Results showed that: In July, compared with the monoculture treatment, the soil moisture content and branch predawn water potential of the 1\|year\|old sea buckthorn under intercropping and intercropping with shade exclusion treatments were significantly lower, with soil moisture content being reduced by 22.04% and 19.12%, and branch predawn water potential reduced by 76.32% and 71.05%, respectively. The net photosynthetic rate and branch phloem NSC content of intercropping treatment decreased by 85.82% and 33.17%, respectively. In the 2\|year\|old sea buckthorn, there were no significant changes in predawn water potential and the non\|structural carbohydrate (NSC) content in branch phloem and xylem under either intercropping or intercropping with shade exclusion treatments. Under the intercropping treatment, leaf total nitrogen content and leaf non\|structural carbohydrate (NSC) content increased by 11.67% and 74.24%, respectively. Under the intercropping with shade exclusion treatment, the leaf net photosynthetic rate and total nitrogen content increased by 24.76% and 11.56%, respectively. In September, compared with the monoculture treatment, there were no significant changes in soil moisture content and branch predawn water potential of 1- and 2\|year\|old sea buckthorn in the agroforestry systems. The leaf NSC contents of 1\|year\|old sea buckthorn under intercropping and intercropping with shade exclusion treatments decreased by 52.09% and 41.55%, while the leaf NSC content of the 2\|year\|old sea buckthorn had no significant change. The 1\|year\|old branch length of sea buckthorn was reduced by 66.96% and 57.76% under intercropping and intercropping with shade exclusion treatments, respectively. Similarly, the branch base diameter decreased by 53.64% and 45.06% under the same treatments. There was no significant difference in the branch growth indexes among the three treatments of 2\|year\|old sea buckthorn. The 1\|year\|old branch length and leaf mass per area were significantly positively correlated with the net photosynthetic rate and the phloem NSC content in July, respectively. The phloem NSC content in July was extremely significantly positively correlated with the total nitrogen content of leaves. The results suggest that interspecific water competition in the 2\|year\|old sea buckthorn silvopastoral system was significantly alleviated, enhancing nitrogen absorption in sea buckthorn. This, in turn, promoted photosynthesis and non\|structural carbohydrate (NSC) storage, ultimately benefiting the growth of sea buckthorn. |
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